本文经授权转载自微信公众号：田间小站
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外刊例句
- North Americans are more industrious than South Americans, according to data compiled by Mercer, a consultancy.
根据美世咨询公司汇编的数据，北美人比南美人更勤劳。
——《经济学人》 - At least in her public persona, Clinton gives off an exclusively professional vibe: industrious, calculated, goal-oriented, distrustful.
克林顿给人一种完全职业化的感觉，至少她的公众形象如此：勤勉、深思熟虑、目标导向、不轻信。
——《纽约时报》
基本释义
[adjective] diligent and hard-working
[形容词] 勤奋努力的
深入解读
从 industrious 的拼写不难猜到该词与熟词 industry （工业、行业）相关，这样又很容易将 industrious 误以为与 industrial （工业的、产业的；工业化的、工业发达的）同义。
实际上， industrious 同 industry 一样，都是源自拉丁语 industria （勤奋、活跃），16世纪50年代进入英语后，开始用作褒义词表示“勤奋的、勤劳的”以及“忙碌的、常年不闲的”，多指一种习惯性的或持续的非常认真的勤奋，常用来形容那些以专注于自己的事业、工作或业余爱好为特征的人，比如：
- 她不聪明，但是她很用功。这就是为什么她的外语总是出类拔萃。
She is not smart, but she is very industrious. That's why she has always excelled in foreign languages. - 她是个勤劳肯干的员工，且身处逆境时，她从不垂头丧气。
She was an industrious and willing worker, and she was always cheerful in adversity.
值得注意的是，想要以名词形式表达“勤劳、勤奋”时，则可以用 industry 表示，比如小站（微信公众号：田间小站）之前在 小词详解 | patron 中提到过的双语名言就有用到：
No man’s genius, however shining, can raise him from obscurity unless he has industry, opportunity and also a patron to recommend him.
一个人不管有多么光辉的天才，假如没有勤奋和机会以及赞助人的推介，也会湮没无闻的。
权威用例
中华民族是历经磨难、不屈不挠的伟大民族，中国人民是勤劳勇敢、自强不息的伟大人民，中国共产党是敢于斗争、敢于胜利的伟大政党。
The Chinese nation is a great nation; it has been through hardships and adversity but remains indomitable. The Chinese people are a great people; they are industrious and brave; and they never pause in the pursuit of progress. The Communist Party of China is a great party; it has the courage to fight and the mettle to win.
同近义词
- diligent: having or showing care and conscientiousness in one's work or duties
- assiduous: showing great care and perseverance
- sedulous: (of a person or action) showing dedication and diligence
