区别辨析age、epoch、era、period与times

age、epoch、era、period 与 times这些名词均含“时期、时代”之意。

age :常指具有显著特征或以某杰出人物命名的历史时代或时期。

  • the age of the computer
    计算机时代

epoch :正式用词,侧重指以某重大事件或巨大变化为起点的新的历史时期。

  • 文艺复兴是一个文化上取得空前成就的时代。
    The Renaissance was an epoch of unparalleled cultural achievement.
  • 现任总统称他的国家正在步入一个长治久安的新时代。但事实上,这个国家摇摇欲坠的经济现在陷入了严重危机。
    The incumbent president said that his country was moving into a new epoch, which would be one of lasting peace. But in fact, the country's faltering economy is now in grave peril.

(拓展学习:小词详解 | epoch

era :书面语用词,指历史上的纪元、年代,可与 epoch 和 age 互换,侧重时期的延续性和整个历程。

  • We are on the threshold of a new era in astronomy.
    我们很快就将迎来天文学的新纪元。
  • It marks the beginning of a new era in human history.
    这标志着人类历史新纪元的开始。
  • In the Reagan era, well-connected Republicans received favoured treatment in this organization.
    在里根时代,一些关系硬的共和党人在这个机构中多受到了优待。

period :最普通用词,概念广泛,时间长短不限,既可指任何一个历史时期,又可指个人或自然界的一个发展阶段。

  • the post-war period
    战后时期
  • Most teenagers go through a period of rebelling.
    大多数青少年都要经历一段叛逆期。

times :侧重某一特定时期。

  • They were hard times and his parents had been struggling to raise their family.
    那是段艰苦时期,他父母一直艰辛地养家糊口。