马斯克成众矢之的，特斯拉利润暴跌71%
Elon Musk Says He Will Spend Less Time in Washington as Tesla’s Profit Drops 71%
Elon Musk, Tesla’s chief executive, said on Tuesday that he would spend less time in Washington working for President Trump after the automaker reported a profit drop of 71 percent in the first three months of the year.
特斯拉首席执行官埃隆·马斯克周二表示，他将减少在华盛顿为特朗普总统工作的时间。此前，特斯拉的最新财报显示，这家汽车制造商今年前三个月的利润下降71%。
Mr. Musk told Wall Street analysts in a conference call that he would continue to spend “a day or two per week” on Washington matters, probably for the duration of Mr. Trump’s presidency. The billionaire executive is one of Mr. Trump’s closest confidants and has played a leading role in the president’s efforts to slash government spending and cut tens of thousands of federal government jobs.
马斯克在财报电话会议上对华尔街的分析师表示，他仍将“每周用一两天时间”处理华盛顿的事务，可能在特朗普的整个任期内都会如此。这位亿万富翁是特朗普的亲信之一，在总统削减政府开支和裁减数万个联邦政府职位的行动中发挥了主导作用。
His comments came less than two hours after Tesla said it had earned $409 million, down from $1.4 billion in the first quarter of 2024. The company previously reported net profit of $1.1 billion last year, but revised the figure to reflect changes in the way cryptocurrency assets are valued.
在他做出此番表述不到两小时前，特斯拉宣布今年一季度的净利润为4.09亿美元，低于上年同期的14亿美元。该公司去年一度报告净利润为11亿美元，但为了反映加密货币资产估值方式的变化，对数字进行了修订。
Tesla sales have been slumping because of intense competition from Chinese carmakers like BYD, a lack of new models and Mr. Musk’s support of far-right causes, which has turned off some liberals and centrists from buying Tesla vehicles.
由于比亚迪等中国汽车制造商的激烈竞争、缺乏新车型以及马斯克对极右翼事业的支持，使得一些自由派和中间派人士不再购买特斯拉汽车，特斯拉的销量一直在下滑。
Mr. Musk said recent protests at Tesla showrooms around the world were conducted by people who stood to lose government handouts because of his work with the Trump administration. “The real reason is that those who are receiving the waste and fraud wish it to continue,” he said.
马斯克表示，近期全球各地特斯拉门店出现的抗议活动是那些利益受损的人发起的，这些人因为他和特朗普政府合作导致失去了从政府那里拿好处的机会。他说：“真正的原因是，那些受益于浪费和欺诈行为的人希望这种情况继续下去。”
Tesla remains the most valuable automaker in the world as measured by its stock price, and it sells far more electric vehicles in the United States than any other company.
以股价衡量，特斯拉仍然是世界上最具价值的汽车制造商，它在美国市场的电动汽车销量远高于其他公司。
But its shares have lost about half their value since mid-December as investors have grown more pessimistic about the company’s prospects and concerned about Mr. Musk’s role in the Trump administration. Some investors and analysts have recently called on Mr. Musk to spend more time managing Tesla and limit or end his work for the Trump administration.
但自去年12月中旬以来，由于投资者对该公司的前景越来越悲观，加上对马斯克在特朗普政府中的作用感到担忧，它的股价已经下跌了约一半。一些投资者和分析师最近呼吁马斯克把更多时间花在特斯拉身上，减少为特朗普政府工作的时间，或者干脆不再做。
Even if he does spend less time on administration duties, however, his attention will remain divided. That’s because Mr. Musk also runs SpaceX, the social media site X, an artificial intelligence company called xAI and other businesses.
然而，即使他确实减少了在政府事务上花费的时间，他的注意力仍然难以集中。这是因为马斯克还经营着SpaceX、社交媒体平台X、一家名为xAI的人工智能公司以及其他业务。
The earnings were well below Wall Street’s expectations. Tesla would have lost hundreds of millions of dollars had it not earned $400 million in interest on cash and investments and $595 million from selling credits to other carmakers that failed to meet emissions regulations that Mr. Trump has pledged to eliminate.
此次的盈利数字远低于华尔街的预期。如果不是现金和投资带来4亿美元利息，以及向其他未能达到排放法规要求——特朗普计划废除该政策——的汽车制造商出售排放额度获得5.95亿美元，特斯拉本会亏损数亿美元。
Tesla shares rose about 5 percent in extended trading after the company released its quarterly earnings.
发布季度财报后，特斯拉的股价在盘后交易中上涨了约5%。
“This is the worst performance I’ve seen in Tesla’s history,” Ross Gerber, the chief executive of Gerber Kawasaki, an investment firm, said on X.
投资公司格伯川崎的首席执行官罗斯·格伯在X上表示，“这是我见过的特斯拉有史以来最糟糕表现。”
Tesla declined to offer a forecast for sales and profits for the rest of the year, as is customary, saying there was too much economic uncertainty.
特斯拉拒绝按照惯例预测今年剩下时间的销售额和利润，称经济不确定性太大。
“It is difficult to measure the impacts of shifting global trade policy on the automotive and energy supply chains, our cost structure, and demand for durable goods and related services,” Tesla said in a report to shareholders.
特斯拉在给股东的报告中表示：“很难衡量全球贸易政策的变化对汽车和能源供应链、我们的成本结构，以及对耐用品和相关服务的需求会造成什么影响。”
In what may have been an oblique acknowledgment of the damage that Mr. Musk has done to Tesla’s reputation, the company referred to “changing political sentiment” that it said “could have a meaningful impact on demand for our products in the near term.”
该公司提到了“不断变化的政治情绪”，称其“可能在短期内对我们的产品需求产生重大影响”，这可能是间接承认马斯克给特斯拉的声誉造成了损害。
Tesla has steadily lost market share to Chinese carmakers and more established automakers, like General Motors, Volkswagen and Hyundai, that have been offering a growing selection of electric vehicles.
特斯拉的市场份额已逐渐被中国的汽车制造商以及通用、大众和现代等老牌车企夺走，它们提供了越来越多的电动车选择。
Mr. Musk’s company once hoped to sell 20 million vehicles a year by the end of the decade, twice as many as Toyota. But sales have been sliding after climbing to 1.8 million in 2023. Last year, the company sold 1.7 million cars, and its global sales fell 13 percent in the first quarter of 2025 from a year earlier.
马斯克的公司曾希望在这个十年结束前实现2000万的年销量，这个数字是丰田的两倍。但在2023年攀升至180万辆后，销量就一直在下滑。去年，该公司的销量为170万辆，2025年一季度全球销量同比下降13%。
Tesla executives on Tuesday attributed much of the sales decline to production slowdowns as the company reworked assembly lines to build a new version of the Model Y sport utility vehicle.
周二，特斯拉的高管将销量下滑的主要原因归结为生产放缓，因为公司对装配线进行了改造，以便生产新版的Model Y运动型多功能车。
The Cybertruck, Tesla’s newest vehicle, which consumed a lot of the company’s resources while it was being developed, is looking increasingly like a flop. Sales of the Cybertruck in the first quarter were down about 50 percent from the last three months of the year, according to Cox Automotive, a research firm.
Cybertruck是特斯拉的最新车型，在开发过程中耗费了公司大量资源，现在看起来越来越像一款失败的产品。根据研究公司Cox Automotive的数据，Cybertruck今年一季度的销量比去年最后三个月下降了约50%。
Tesla’s website has recently offered discounts of as much as $8,500 on Cybertrucks in the company’s inventory. The truck starts at $70,000 before federal and state incentives.
特斯拉的官网最近对公司库存的Cybertruck提供了高达8500美元的折扣。在未享受联邦和州的优惠之前，该卡车的起价为7万美元。
The automaker reiterated that it would begin producing a lower-cost vehicle by the end of June that would make it possible for more people to afford an electric vehicle and potentially revive sales. But the company has not displayed a prototype or provided many details about the car.
这家汽车制造商重申将在6月底之前开始生产一款更便宜的汽车，让更多人买得起电动汽车，这有可能重振销售。但该公司尚未展示这款车的原型，也未提供太多细节。
Analysts doubt whether the new vehicle will be available in significant numbers anytime soon. It is also not clear whether the car will be a new design or simply a stripped-down version of Tesla’s Model 3 sedan or Model Y.
分析人士怀疑这款新车能否在短期内大量上市。目前还不清楚它是全新设计，还是只是Model 3轿车或Model Y的精简版。
Tesla said Tuesday that the vehicle “will utilize aspects of the next generation platform as well as aspects of our current platforms and will be produced on the same manufacturing lines as our current vehicle lineup.”
特斯拉周二表示，这款车“将利用下一代平台以及我们当前平台的某些方面，并将在与我们现有车型相同的生产线上生产”。
Mr. Musk’s role at the federal office called the Department of Government Efficiency, which has slashed the budgets of federal agencies and cut thousands of jobs, has made him a lightning rod. Activists have protested outside Tesla dealerships around the world, and Tesla vehicles have been vandalized or even burned.
马斯克在名为“政府效率部”的联邦机构任职，该机构大幅削减了联邦机构的预算，并裁减了数千个工作岗位，这让他成为了众矢之的。活动人士在世界各地的特斯拉经销店外举行抗议活动，特斯拉汽车遭到破坏甚至焚毁。
Tesla is probably less vulnerable to Mr. Trump’s tariffs on autos and parts than other carmakers because its factories in California and Texas make all the vehicles that it sells in the United States. The company also has car factories in Shanghai and near Berlin, which serve much of the rest of the world.
与其他汽车制造商相比，特斯拉可能受特朗普对汽车及零部件征收关税的影响较小，因为它在加利福尼亚州和得克萨斯州的工厂生产它在美国销售的所有汽车。该公司还在上海和柏林附近也有设厂，为世界其他大部分地区提供产品。
But Tesla will also suffer. Its U.S. factories use parts imported from Mexico and China that will be subject to tariffs, forcing the company to raise prices or take in lower profits.
但特斯拉也会有麻烦。其美国工厂使用的从墨西哥和中国进口的零部件将被征收关税，这迫使该公司要么提高价格，要么接受更低的利润。
