(1) 两个词意思相似,都表示“几乎,差不多”。almost强调“差一点,缺一点”;nearly侧重于“接近”。 在许多情况下,两者可以换用而无多大差别,但用almost的意思比用nearly“更为接近”一些。
- She is almost/nearly blind.
她差不多/几乎瞎了。 - We had almost/nearly reached our destination.
我们快要到达目的地了。 - I almost/nearly fell off my bike.
我差点从自行车上摔下来。 - He's almost/nearly as clever as you.
他几乎和你一样聪明。
(2) 以上这些例句中表示的意思都是比较具体的,是空间或时间上的进展,或者是可以测量、能够比较的事物。在其他情况下,nearly并非总是可用的。
- Our cat understands everything — he's almost human.
我们的猫什么都懂——它简直能通人性。 - I almost think their plan is doomed to fall flat.
我差不多认为他们的计划是注定要失败的。 - My aunt has got a strange way of talking. She almost sounds foreign.
我姑妈有一种奇怪的讲话方式,听起来好像有外国口音。
*以上例句中,不宜用nearly,又如:
- In that long dress she looks almost graceful.(不用nearly)
穿着那件长礼服,她看上去简直是优雅迷人。
(3) nearly往往不与never, nobody, no-one, nothing, nowhere, no and none等连用,常以almost,或用hardly与一个非否定形式代之,如:almost never/hardly ever, almost nobody/hardly anybody, almost no money/hardly any money。
(4) 在more than, too之前,可用almost。
- This is almost more than we feared.
这简直比我们担心的情况还要糟。 - That's almost too much.
那简直太过分了。
(5) 在具体数字前,常使用nearly。
- This building is nearly twenty feet higher than that one.
这座大楼比那座高出近20英尺。 - The mother is nearly twice as old as her son.
这位妈妈的年龄几乎是儿子的两倍。
(6) ①almost一般应靠近它所修饰的词,其位置不同,意思也会不同。
- The boy almost wept every time he was scolded. (He did not actually weep. almost修饰wept)
这男孩每次受责备时都几乎要哭出来。 - The boy wept almost every time he was scolded. (He did not weep every time. almost修饰every time)
这男孩受责备时几乎每次都要哭。
②常见的almost用错的位置。
- He almost studied all night. (应改为:He studied almost all night.)
他几乎学习了一整夜。 - Every one of us has almost seen the lion in the zoo.(应改为Almost every one of us has seen the lion in the zoo.)
几乎我们每个人都见到过动物园里的那头狮子。
(7) 美国人常用almost no,等于英国人常用的hardly any, scarcely any,意为“几乎(没有),简直(没有)”。
- Almost nobody passed the examination.
几乎没有人通过这场考试。 - There was almost no snow last winter, so the wheat is withering for want of water.
去年冬天几乎没有下雪,因此小麦因缺水都枯萎了。
(8) not nearly等于by no means, far from,意为“远非;相差很远”。
- The job is not nearly so easy as I expected.
这工作远不如我预期的那么容易。 - There are not nearly enough people here to do the job.
这里做这项工作的人远远不够。