Ilya Efimovich Repin
批判现实主义画家——伊里亚·叶菲莫维奇·列宾

Ilya Yefimovich Repin (1844-1930) was a Russian realist painter. He was the most renowned Russian artist of the 19th century, when his position in the world of art was comparable to that of Leo Tolstoy in literature. He played a major role in bringing Russian art into the mainstream of European culture. His major works include Barge Haulers on the Volga (1873), Religious Procession in Kursk Province (1883) and Reply of the Zaporozhian Cossacks (1880-1891).
伊里亚·叶菲莫维奇·列宾(1844－1930)是俄罗斯现实主义画家。他是19世纪俄罗斯最负盛名的艺术家，在世界艺术史上的地位相当于文学界的列夫·托尔斯泰。他极大地推动了俄罗斯艺术融入欧洲主流文化。列宾的主要作品包括《伏尔加河上的纤夫》(1873年)、《库尔斯克省的宗教行列》(1883年)和《查波罗什人复信土耳其苏丹》(1880—1891年)。

Repin was born in Chuguyev, in the Kharkov Governorate (now Ukraine) of the Russian Empire into a military family. In 1880 Repin traveled to Zaporozhye in Ukraine to gather material for the 1891 Reply of the Zaporozhian Cossacks . His Religious Procession in Kursk Province was exhibited in 1883, and Ivan the Terrible Killing His Son in 1885. In 1892 he published the Letters on Art collection of essays. He taught at the Higher Art School attached to the Academy of Arts from 1894. In 1898 he purchased an estate, the Penates, in Kuokkala, Finland (now Repino). In 1901 he was awarded the Legion of Honour. In 1911 he traveled with his common-law wife Natalia Nordman to the World Exhibition in Italy, where his painting 17 October 1905 and his portraits were displayed in their own separate room.
列宾出生在俄罗斯帝国哈尔科夫省(现属于乌克兰)楚古耶夫镇的一户军人家庭。1880年，列宾前往乌克兰扎波罗热，为1891年将要创作的《查波罗什人复信土耳其苏丹》收集素材。1883年，他的作品《库尔斯克省的宗教行列》展出，1885年《伊凡雷帝杀子》展出。列宾于1892年出版了《艺术随笔文集》。从1894年起，他开始在艺术学院附属高等美术学校任教。列宾于1898年在芬兰扩卡拉的佩纳特斯(今天的黑比诺)购置了一处房产。1901年列宾被授予“荣誉勋位”。1911年，他与同居妻子娜塔莉亚·诺德曼一起前往意大利参加世界博览会。在那里，他的作品《1905年10月17日的示威游行》和画像被分别展览。