应填die of还是填die from?

有一读者问: 有这样一道填空题:

(1)His father_________(die)the disease caused by water pollution.

应填die of还是填die from?

大致说来,die of多用于内因,如:

(2)He died of hunger.

(3)She died of cancer.

(4)My aunt died of grief.

die from多用于外因,如:

(5)He died from overwork.

(6)He died from a wound.

但实际上,二者相互通用的情况并不罕见,兹举少数几例如下:

(7)die of/from pneumonia

(8)die of/from snake bites

(9)die of/from a cold

(10)die of/from a fall over a cliff

有不少辞书说die from常代之以die of。但有时也有相反的情况,如disease是内因,一般应与die of连用,但也可用die from,实例如:

(11)The disease from which he died was at that time incurable.

根据以上分析,上述句(1)既可填以died of,也可填以died from。