may 的用法及固定搭配

may

1.You may go是“你可以去。”(不去也可以。)You may not go是“你可以不去。”(去也可以。)但You may not go有时也作“你不可去”解,跟You must not go意思相同。在有可能被人误解的时候,该避免用may not。在答复May I go?的时候所说的You may not一定作“你不可[去]”解。Borrowers may not take out of the library more than two books at a time里的may not当然作“不可”解。

2.May I make a suggestion?里的May I...?有“你允许我…么?”的意思,是请求对方同意的一种客气语式。Might I...?比May I...?更客气些。这两句在语法上是疑问句,所以末尾用问号,但因为实际上等于请求句,所以也可以用句号。

3.You might...有时作“请你…”解,如You might tell me your new address。有时作“你该…而竟不…”解,如You might make a little less noise。You might have...(过去分词)往往作“你本该…而竟不曾…”解。例如:You might have written to me earlier.

4.说“也许曾经”该用may have...(过去分词),不可用might,如可以说He may have seen her yesterday(他也许曾经在昨天看见她),不可说He might see her yesterday。He might have seen her yesterday的意思是“他本来可以在昨天看见她[但实际不曾看见她]”。