to
1.have (或has，或had) been to...作“刚才到过…”解。例如：
- I have been to Nanjing.
- Has anybody been to the station?
- I have been to my uncle's about some family matters.
- They had been to several places during the holidays.
2.下面每组里的第一句不及第二句普通：
- I shall give(或lend,或 send) my book to him.
I shall give(或lend,或send) him my book. - I shall tell my name to him.
I shall tell him my name.
下面几点该注意：
（1）假使把my book或my name改作this，these，that或those，每组里的两种形式都普通。
（2）假使把my book或my name改作it或them，每组里的第一句也普通，但第二句很不普通。
（3）下面每组里的第一句是英国拼写形式，第二句英美通用：
- I shall give (或 lend, 或 send) it him.
I shall give (或 lend, 或 send) it to him. - I shall tell it him.
I shall tell it to him.
（4）下面两句都很不普通：
- I shall give (或lend，或send) them him.
- I shall tell them him.
（5）下面各句都不可说：
- I shall give (或lend，或send) my book him.
- I shall give (或lend，或send) this (或these，或that，或those) him.
- I shall tell my name him.
- I shall tell this (或these，或that，或those) him.
- I shall give (或lend，或send) to him it (或them).
- I shall tell to him it (或them).
（6）下面各句都很不普通：
- I shall give (或lend，或send) to him my books.
- I shall tell to him my name.
- I shall give (或lend，或send) to him this (或these，或that，或those).
- I shall tell to him this (或these，或that，或those).
（7）上面所举的各例里都用him，是代词。假使不用代词而用名词，如John、my brother或the girl，在（3）里各组的第一句都很不普通。
3.可以说Did you say it was five (minutes) past four or five (minutes) to? (to=to four)
4.to是不定式的符号，如I want to go。但在若干词语后面的不定式里习惯没有to。例如：I heard him cry. 和You need not come.
5.不定式的符号to和动词的中间假使加上了副词或状语短语，这种不定式叫做分裂不定式，如to firmly believe和to at once start。传统的语法家以为分裂不定式是不该用的。但有时为了避免意思含糊，就不妨一用。
6.下面各句里的to都代表不定式：
- You may go if you wish to. (to=to go)
- He wanted to do it, but I told him not to. (to=to do it)
- I have asked her to come, but she does not care to. (to=to come)
- Though you do not want to ask him again, I am afraid you will have to. (to=to ask him again)
- Though I didn't want to, I was persuaded to go. (to=to go)
这种用法在口语里比在文字里普通。
7.to是不定式的符号，在该在介词to后面接动名词的场合该注意避免用不定式，如该说in addition to doing和devoted to doing，不可说in addition to do和devoted to do。
8.The only thing you have to do is (to) press the button和All he could do was (to) rush into the room等句子里的to可以省去。
9.不可把不定式...to...? 用作疑问句，如不可说How to solve the problem? 和What to say to him about it? 该改作How shall we solve the problem? 或How is the problem to be solved? What should we say to him about it? 或What is to be said to him about it?
