as可以用来:
(1) 表示一个人或物的工作、职能、用途、作用、达到某一标准的状态、处于某种地位、身份、情况等。
- I used my shoe as a hammer.
我把我的一只鞋子用作锤子。 - He worked as a bus-driver for six months.
他做了六个月的公交车驾驶员。 - She went to the party dressed as a traffic-warden.
她装扮成停车场管理员去参加了聚会。
I've come as interpreter. 我是来当译员的。
(2) ①将类似的行动或情况进行比较。
- He ran away from home, as his brother had the year before.
就像他兄弟前一年一样,他也离家出走了。 - In Greece, as in Italy, they use a lot of olive oil in cooking.
在希腊,和在意大利一样,人们烹调时使用很多橄榄油。
②注意语法上的差别:当as用于表达工作和职能时,它很像一个介词,后接名词或代词;当用于表达“相似”之意时,它又像一个连词,后接一个从句或介词短语。
(3) for可以表示“目标、目的和成果”之意。
- They chose him for their representative.
他们选择他作代表。 - I don't think he will do for a worker.
我认为他不适合当工人。 - I'll keep it for souvenir.
我将把它留作纪念。 - What do we have for supper?
我们晚饭吃什么?
(4) as和for在有些情况下常可换用。
- This box can serve as/for a seat.
这个箱子可用作座位。 - We unanimously elected him as/for chairman.
我们一致选他当主席。 - Don't have such people for your friends.
不要跟这种人交朋友。 - I always take him for/as my model.
我总是把他作为我的榜样。 - An altimeter is used for measuring height above sea level. (...is used as an instrument to measure...)
高度计是用来测量海拔高度的。(……是用来测量……的仪器)