(1) ①idea在日常用语中泛指“思想，主意，意见，想法，概念”等。
- This book gives you a good idea of life in ancient Greece.
这本书使你对古希腊的生活有一个清楚的概念。 - You shouldn't force your ideas on others.
你不应该强迫别人接受你的意见。 - You can have no idea (of) how anxious we have been.
你根本不知道我们有多着急。 - I have an idea that Mr. Smith will not come tomorrow.
我认为史密斯先生明天不会来。
②idea也可指社会某一部分，某一阶级持有的思想、观点、观念等。
- Once the correct ideas characteristic of the advanced class are grasped by the masses, these ideas will turn into a material force transforming heaven and earth.
代表先进阶级的正确思想一旦为群众掌握，就会变成改天换地的物质力量。
(2) ideology指代表个人、团体等，特别是形成一种经济或政治制度基础的思想方式、体系，意识形态或观念，如：bourgeois/Marxist/totalitarian ideologies。
- Race prejudice is an indispensable part of the ideology of human exploitation.
种族偏见是人类剥削意识形态不可分割的一部分。 - I am defending my Communist ideology , my ideals, the content and significance of my whole life.
我捍卫我的共产主义思想体系，我的理想，我整个生命的内涵和意义。
(3) concept是对一类事物通过理性概括形成的基本观念、个别具体的概念或思想。
- A small baby has no concept of right and wrong.
婴儿是没有是非观念的。 - His behavior does not accord with our moral concepts .
他的行为不符合我们的道德观念。 - The scientist presented a new concept of the beginning of the universe.
这位科学家对于宇宙的起源提出了一个新观念。 - The policy was made according to this fundamental strategic concept of his.
这项政策是根据他的这一基本战略思想制定的。
(4) conception既指概念思想的形成(构思、构想)，也可指个别的、具体的概念、思想。
- We should foster a high conception of patriotism among the young students.
我们应在青年学生中培养高度的爱国主义思想。 - The conceptions of education are changing radically with the economic and social reforms.
教育观念随着经济社会的改革正在发生根本的变革。 - Many people don't have a clear conception of their duties as citizens.
许多人对自己的公民义务没有明确的概念。 - We each should have a correct conception of life.
我们每个人都应对生活有一个正确的概念。
(5) notion意为“观念，意见，想法，主意”，与idea的含义很接近。
- I have no notion/idea of what he means.
我不清楚他什么意思。 - I never had the least notion of your opposing this plan.
我一点没料到你会反对这项计划。 - He has a notion that he's being cheated.
他认为有人在骗他。
(6) ①opinion指“信念，意见，看法，主张”，与view意思接近。
- What's your opinion/view of the new manager?
你对这位新经理有什么看法？ - Those are only my personal opinions about the affair.
这只是我个人对这件事的看法。
②in sb.'s opinion, in the opinion of sb.意思是“依照某人的看法或意见”。(另见“according to...”条)
③opinion还可指团体的意见或看法，群众的见解，用作不可数名词。
- Opinion is shifting in favor of stiffer penalties for armed robbery.
群众的意见趋向于赞成严惩武装抢劫。
(7) ①thought可指“思想活动，思考(过程)，思想，思索，思潮”，有时作“想到”解，用作可数名词还是不可数名词，要根据上下文来决定。
- There is a passage in this article which gives (us) much food for thought .
这篇文章有一段发人深省。 - I've given careful thought to the matter; you'd better not take any action at present.
我对这个问题仔细考虑过了，目前你最好不采取任何行动。 - I hadn't the least thought of seeing you here on a foreign soil!
我一点也没想到会在异国他乡见到你！ - He was lost/deep in thought .
他陷入了沉思。 - Now, lay aside all those thoughts /get all those thoughts out of your mind, Jane, and look to the future.
简，撇开那些想法，向前看。 - The scientist made great contributions to modern scientific thought .
这位科学家对于现代科学思想做出了巨大贡献。 - If you had any thought for your parents, you would not grieve them in this way.
如果你对父母有所考虑，你就不会这样让他们伤心了。 - After a great deal of thought , we decided to give up the plan.
在仔细考虑之后，我们决定放弃这项计划。 - He is always full of thought for others.
他总是非常关心他人。 - He always keeps his thoughts to himself.
他从不向人吐露心事。 - He has given up all his thought of marrying Jane.
他完全放弃了和简结婚的想法。
②thought还指某一时期、某个阶层、国家等的思想、思潮，如：the thought of the working class, modern thought等。
③thought 用作思想时，比idea更具有全面系统性。
- His speech was full of striking thoughts .
他的演说充满惊人/非凡的见解。 - Lu Xun's works are full of profound thoughts .
鲁迅的著作充满着深刻的思想。
④thought还作“心意”解。
- It's not the gift, it's the thought that counts.
重要的是这份情谊，不是礼物。
⑤短语at the thought of表示“一想到……，想到……时”。
- Tears filled her eyes at the (very) thought that she might never see him again.
她一想到她可能再也见不到他了，眼里就充满了泪水。 - At the mere thought of the examination, his heart began to beat fiercely.
一想到考试，他的心就跳得厉害。
(8) view可表示“个人的看法、观点、见解、对某事的态度”，多数情况下可与opinion换用。
- I should like to hear others' views/opinions on the matter.
我想听听别人对这件事的看法。 - It might help me if you would give me your views/opinions .
如果你能提出你的看法，可能会对我有所帮助。 - It proved difficult to get him to change his political views .
要他改变政治观点原来很困难。 - It was surprising that he should hold such view of life.
令人吃惊的是他竟然有这样的生活观。
(9) point of view/viewpoint本指“观察点，视点”，引申作“观点，看法”解，这种“观点”或“看法”是由于生活中的地位或身份而形成的。
- In spite of his disapproval, he respected his son's point of view .
尽管他不赞成，他还是尊重他儿子的观点。 - I was surprised to discover that our viewpoints were quite different on the matter.
我吃惊地发现，我们在这个问题上的观点大相径庭。 - From the commercial point of view , they have little to lose.
从商业的观点来说，他们的损失很小。 - Try to look at school from the child's point of view .
要设法从孩子的观点来看待学校。
