(1) “It is...for sb./sth. to do sth.”句型常用来说某人做某事是好是坏,是否必要,应不应当,对与不对等,其中for sb. to do sth.是实际主语,it为形式主语;而“It is...of sb. to do sth.”句型则表示因某人做了某事而对其本人的赞扬或非难。
- It is good for you to be here.
你在这里是很好的。 - It is wrong for you to do that.
你那样做是错误的。 - It is kind of you to take so much trouble for me.
非常感谢你为我担了这么多麻烦。 - It was foolish of him to talk like that.
他那样讲话真是愚蠢。 - It's wrong of you to laugh at others.
你笑话别人是不对的。 - It is awfully good of you to come and meet us.
非常感谢你前来迎接我们。 - It's unwise of them to turn down the proposal.
他们拒绝这项建议是不明智的。 - It's only too easy for a young girl to go astray, especially if she is a stranger without friends.
一个少女走入歧途是非常容易的,特别是如果她是一个初来乍到的陌生人而又没有朋友的话。
(2) 在“It is...for sb. to do sth.”句型中(有时for接there to be形式),常用以下三类形容词。
①表示重要性或紧急的形容词,如:important, unimportant, essential, vital, necessary, unnecessary, pointless。
- It's essential for the classrooms to have plenty of light.
教室里光线充足是非常重要的。 - It's important for there to be a fire-escape.
有一个太平梯是很重要的。 - It's vital for a person to have a correct view of life.
一个人有正确的人生观是非常重要的。 - It's important for the accounts to be ready by Friday.
重要的是要在周五前把这些账目准备好。
②表示频率的形容词,如:common, normal, unusual, rare。
- It is unusual for foxes to come so close to the town.
狐狸跑到距城镇这么近的地方是不寻常的事。 - Do you think it's normal for a child to get so tired?
你认为一个小孩这么疲劳正常吗?
③表示轻重、早晚、难易等的形容词(常有too, enough, not修饰),如light, heavy, early, late, difficult, easy等。
- I think it's too late for us to catch the 7:50 train.
我认为我们要赶7:50的火车太迟了。 - I think it's early enough for you to go to school now.
我认为你现在去上学是够早的了。
(3) 在“It is...of sb. to do sth.”句型中,常用对人的性格、行为、态度、品质等表示赞扬或非难的形容词,如:kind, unkind, silly, careless, naughty, nice, good, considerate, foolish, right, wrong, wise, unwise, polite, impolite, cruel, rude, impudent, stupid, absurd, ungrateful, unmanly, mad, clever, ill-natured, wicked等。