(1) very修饰形容词、副词;(very) much修饰动词。
- I'm very keen on seeing that foreign film.
我非常渴望看那部外国影片。 - I like the film very much .
我非常喜欢那部影片。 - I don't much like it. /I don't like it very much .
我不是很喜欢它。
(2) 修饰过去分词,一般用much,不用very;但修饰现在分词式的形容词或作定语用、具有形容词性质的过去分词时,可用very。
- He was much surprised at the news.
对这则消息,他感到非常惊异。 - His face wore a very surprised expression when he saw me.
当他看到我时,脸上露出非常惊诧的表情。
(3) 有些过去分词在使用中,特别在口语中,已变成形容词,可用very修饰,但在较正式的文体中,一般仍多用much,如:tired, disappointed, embarrassed, delighted, pleased, satisfied, frightened等。
(4) 有些美国人对于very和much与过去分词连用的用法区别不很严格,有的语法家认为用very修饰描述情绪或精神状态的过去分词,比用much自然。
- He was very amused.
他给逗乐了。
(5) 修饰描写身体或物质状态的过去分词时,可用very, much或very much。
- She is very/much/very much changed.
她变了不少。
(6) 但在表示被动语态的过去分词前,不用very,要用much或very much。
- He was much annoyed.
他非常恼火。 - The room was never much used, except for occasional visitors.
除了偶尔几位来访者用之外,这个房间没怎么用过。
(7) 在有些前置词短语前,如:to one's satisfaction/surprise/joy/dismay/disappointment, etc., on one's own, at a loss可用much。
- He was so excited that he was much at a loss for words to thank her.
他是如此激动以至于不知说什么来感谢她。
(8) 加强比较级不能用very,而要用much或very much,如:much better, very much better。