Socrates, Aristotle and Plato
“古希腊三贤”——苏格拉底、亚里士多德和柏拉图

Socrates (469 BC-399 BC) was a classical Greek (Athenian) philosopher credited as one of the founders of Western philosophy. He is an enigmatic figure known chiefly through the accounts of classical writers, especially the writings of his students Plato and Xenophon and the plays of his contemporary Aristophanes. It is this Platonic Socrates who lends his name to the concepts of Socratic irony and the Socratic Method, or elenchus.
苏格拉底(公元前469年—前399年)，古希腊哲学家，被认为是西方哲学的奠基者。谜一样的苏格拉底没有留下著作，其思想和生平由后来的学者记述——主要体现在他的学生柏拉图和色诺芬的作品中以及同时代剧作家阿里斯托芬的剧作中。正是这位带着柏拉图特色的苏格拉底，赋予了苏格拉底反讽和苏格拉底教学法(反诘法)之名。

Plato (427 BC-348 BC), a Greek philosopher, was a student of Socrates and the teacher of Aristotle (they are called “the Big Three ancient Greek philosophers”). Plato wrote about many ideas in philosophy that are still talked about today. In fact, one modern philosopher (Whitehead) said that all philosophy since Plato has just been comments on his works. One of Plato's most famous works is The Republic.
柏拉图(公元前427年—前348年)，古希腊哲学家。柏拉图是苏格拉底的学生，也是亚里士多德的老师(他们三人被称为“西方三圣贤”)。柏拉图的许多哲学观点至今仍被广泛讨论。事实上，现代哲学家怀特黑德曾说，所有哲学在柏拉图的著作中，都已有论述。柏拉图最有名的著作之一是他的《理想国》。

Aristotle (384 BC-322 BC), a Greek philosopher and scientist, was born in the Macedonian city of Stagirus. At eighteen, he joined Plato's Academy in Athens and remained there until the age of thirty-seven (347 BC). His writings cover many subjects and constitute the first comprehensive system of Western philosophy. According to the Encyclopedia Britannica , “Aristotle was the first genuine scientist in history ... and every scientist is in his debt.”
亚里士多德(公元前384年—公元前322年)，希腊哲学家和科学家，生于斯塔基拉——马其顿海岸的希腊殖民地。在18岁的时候，亚里士多德被送到雅典的柏拉图学院学习，直至37岁(公元前347年)。亚里士多德的著作覆盖了诸多学科，并且第一次建立了西方哲学的全面系统。《大不列颠百科全书》中这样写道：“亚里士多德是历史上第一位真正的科学家……每位科学家都受惠于他。”