Jane Austen
伟大的女性文学家——简·奥斯汀

Jane Austen (1775-1817) was an English novelist whose works of romantic fiction, set among the landed gentry, earned her a place as one of the most widely read writers in English literature. Her realism, biting irony and social commentary as well as her acclaimed plots have gained her historical importance among scholars and critics.
简·奥斯汀(1775-1817)，英国小说家，作品多描写地主贵族间的浪漫爱情故事，是英国文学史上读者最广泛的作家之一。她的现实主义、尖刻讽刺和社会评论以及引人入胜的情节使她获得了作为学者和评论家的重要历史地位。

Austen lived her entire life as part of a close-knit family located on the lower fringes of the English landed gentry. She was educated primarily by her father and older brothers as well as through her own reading. From 1811 until 1816, with the release of Sense and Sensibility (1811), Pride and Prejudice (1813), Mansfield Park (1814) and Emma (1815), she achieved success as a published writer. She wrote two additional novels, Northanger Abbey and Persuasion , both published posthumously in 1818, and began a third, which was eventually titled Sanditon, but died before completing it.
奥斯汀毕生生活在一户徘徊在英国地主贵族边缘的家庭。她最初的教育来自她的父亲和兄长以及她自己的阅读。从1811年到1816年，随着《理智与情感》(1811)、《傲慢与偏见》(1813)、《曼斯菲尔德庄园》(1814)和《爱玛》(1815)的出版，奥斯汀成为一名成功的出版作家。她的另外两部小说，《诺桑觉寺》和《劝导》，都在1818年奥斯汀去世之后得以出版。还有一部最终命名为《桑迪顿》的小说，奥斯汀尚未来得及完成创作便去世了。

Her works, though usually popular, were first published anonymously and brought her little personal fame and only a few positive reviews during her lifetime, but the publication in 1869 of her nephew's A Memoir of Jane Austen introduced her to a wider public, and by the 1940s she had become widely accepted in academia as a great English writer.
虽然奥斯汀的作品广受欢迎，但它们最初都是匿名出版，因此并未带给她太多个人荣誉，在她有生之年正面的评论也寥寥无几。1869年她的侄子出版的《简·奥斯汀回忆录》将她介绍给了更广泛的公众群体，20世纪40年代她已成为学术界广泛认可的一位伟大的英国作家。