John Rockefeller
石油大王——约翰·洛克菲勒

John Davison Rockefeller (1839-1937) was an American business magnate and philanthropist. He was a co-founder of the Standard Oil Company and the first great U. S. business trust. Rockefeller revolutionized the petroleum industry, and along with other key contemporary industrialists defined the structure of modern philanthropy. In 1870, he co-founded Standard Oil Company which dominated the oil industry and actively ran it until he officially retired in 1897. Rockefeller is often regarded as the world's richest man and, his wealth is worth more than three hundred billion dollars.
约翰·戴维森·洛克菲勒(1839—1937)，美国实业家、慈善家，创建了标准石油公司和美国第一个托拉斯(垄断组织的高级形式之一)。他因革新石油工业和确立慈善事业的现代化结构而闻名。洛克菲勒1870年与他人共同创立标准石油公司，在全盛期垄断了全美石油市场。他带领公司积极进取，直到1897年退出管理工作。洛克菲勒被视为世界首富，财富总值相当于今天的3000亿美元以上。

Rockefeller was the second of six children and eldest son born in Richford, New York. When he was a boy, his family moved to Moravia, New York. In 1853, his family moved to a suburb of Cleveland where he attended Cleveland's Central High School and then took a ten-week business course at College where he studied bookkeeping. In spite of his father's absences and frequent family moves, young Rockefeller was a well-behaved, serious and studious boy. His contemporaries described him as reserved, earnest, religious, methodical, and discreet. He also had a deep love of music. In September 1855, when Rockefeller was sixteen, he got his first job as an assistant bookkeeper. In 1864, Rockefeller married Laura Spelman. They had four daughters and one son together.
洛克菲勒生于纽约州中部一个名叫里奇福德的小镇，在家里六个孩子中排行第二，是长子。年幼时，洛克菲勒全家搬到了纽约的摩拉维拉，1853年又搬到了克里夫兰的一个郊区。在那里他上了中学，又在商业学校学习了十周的商务课程，学会了记账等技能。尽管年幼的洛克菲勒缺少父亲的关爱和稳定的家庭环境，但他始终是一个懂礼貌、严肃、勤奋的孩子。儿时的同辈形容他“缄默寡言、热心真诚、虔诚坚定、井井有条、谨慎小心”。他还非常热爱音乐。1855年9月，16岁的洛克菲勒开始了第一份工作：助理簿记员。1864年，他与劳拉·斯佩尔曼结婚，共育有四女一子。