Romantic Music
浪漫主义音乐

Romantic music is a term denoting an era of Western classical music that began in the late 18th or early 19th century. It was related to Romanticism, the European artistic and literary movement that arose in the second half of the 18th century, and Romantic music in particular dominated the Romantic Movement in Germany. The Romantic Movement was an artistic, literary, and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Europe and strengthened in reaction to the Industrial Revolution. In part, it was a revolt against social and political norms of the Age of Enlightenment and a reaction against the scientific rationalization of nature. It was embodied most strongly in the visual arts, music, and literature, but had a major impact on historiography, education, and natural history.
浪漫主义音乐指开始于18世纪晚期或19世纪早期的西方经典音乐。它与18世纪下半叶欧洲的艺术和文学运动“浪漫主义”有关。浪漫主义音乐在德国的浪漫主义运动中发挥了主导作用。浪漫主义运动开始于十八世纪下半叶的欧洲，是一场艺术、文学和思想的运动，在对抗工业革命的行动中日益增强。从某种程度上说，浪漫主义运动是对启蒙时代建立的社会和政治标准的一种反叛。浪漫主义思想通过视觉艺术、音乐和文学强烈地表达出来，但其主要影响体现在历史编纂学、教育和自然历史方面。

One of the first significant applications of the term to music was in 1789, in the Mémoires by the Frenchman André Grétry, but it was E.T.A. Hoffmann who really established the principles of musical romanticism. It was Hoffmann's fusion of ideas already associated with the term “Romantic”, used in opposition to the restraint and formality of Classical models, that elevated music, and especially instrumental music, to a position of pre-eminence in Romanticism as the art most suited to the expression of emotions. It was also through the writings of Hoffmann and other German authors that brought German music to the centre of musical Romanticism.
“浪漫主义”第一次被显著地用于音乐方面是在1789年，出现在法国人安德烈·格雷特里的《回忆录》中，而真正创建了浪漫主义音乐准则的是E.T.A.霍夫曼。霍夫曼将“浪漫主义”相关已有概念融合在一起，与古典主义音乐中的限制和形式区别开来，这就将音乐，尤其是器乐，提升到了浪漫主义运动中的显著位置，成为一种最适合表达情感的艺术方式。同时，霍夫曼和其他德国作家的作品也推动了德国音乐走向浪漫主义音乐的中心地位。