Metal Music
金属乐

Heavy metal (or simply metal) is a genre of rock music that developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s, largely in the United Kingdom and the United States. With roots in blues rock and psychedelic rock, the bands that created heavy metal developed a thick, massive sound, characterized by highly amplified distortion, extended guitar solos, emphatic beats, and overall loudness. Heavy metal lyrics and performance styles are often associated with masculinity, aggression, and machismo.
重金属乐(或金属乐)是一种摇滚乐，它始于20世纪60年代晚期和70年代早期，主要在英国和美国发展。重金属乐源于蓝调摇滚和迷幻摇滚，其乐队创作出一种厚重的音乐，特点是高度放大的失真、延长的吉他独奏、加强的音乐节拍和整体的响度。重金属音乐的歌词和表演方式常常表现了阳刚之气、攻击性和男子气概。

The first heavy metal bands such as Led Zeppelin, Deep Purple and Black Sabbath attracted large audiences, though they were often derided by critics. During the mid-1970s, Judas Priest helped spur the genre's evolution by discarding much of its blues influence; Motörhead introduced a punk rock sensibility and an increasing emphasis on speed. Bands in the New Wave of British Heavy Metal such as Iron Maiden and Saxon followed in a similar vein. Before the end of the decade, heavy metal fans became known as “metalheads” or “headbangers”. During the 1980s, glam metal became a commercial force with groups like Mötley Crüe and Poison. Underground scenes produced an array of more extreme, aggressive styles: thrash metal broke into the mainstream with bands such as Metallica, Megadeth, Slayer, and Anthrax, while other styles of the most extreme subgenres of metal like death metal and black metal remain subcultural phenomena.
尽管批评者经常嘲笑他们，但最早的重金属乐队，如齐柏林飞艇、深紫乐队和黑色安息日吸引了大批的听众。20世纪70年中期，犹大牧师乐队丢弃了重金属中的很多蓝调因素，推动了重金属乐的革新；摩托车头乐队则在金属乐中引入了朋克摇滚，并日益强调音乐的速度。英国新浪潮金属乐运动中产生的乐队如铁娘子乐队和撒克逊乐队基本一脉相承。70年代末，重金属乐粉丝开始被称作“重金属摇滚乐迷”或“重金属乐爱好者”。20世纪80年代，华丽金属成为推动克鲁小丑乐团和毒药乐队等发展的商业力量。地下音乐发展出了各种更为极端和激进的形式。激流金属打入主流音乐，随着金属乐队、麦格戴斯乐队、超级杀手合唱团和炭疽乐队发展起来，其他最为极端的亚种金属乐仍处于亚文化地位，如死亡金属和黑金属。