有读者问:在Oxford Progressive English Course (Book Two)中有这样一个句子:
(1)Her father gave us this house as a wedding present, so we haven't to pay rent.
是否有 haven't to ... 这样的说法?是否应将 haven't to 改作 don't have to?
haven't to 并不错,在《牛津现代高级英语学习词典》(Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary of Current Engish )中即有这样的句子:
(2)You haven't to go to school today, have you? (也可以说 haven't got to)
haven't to 与 don't have to 在意义上没有什么区别,只是前者只用在英国,后者则原只用在美国,但现在亦可用在英国了。英人夸克(R. Quirk)等编著的《英语语法大全》(A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language )对下列两个句子进行了比较:
(3)Do we have to get up early tomorrow?
(4)Have we to get up early tomorrow?
接着他指出句(3)中的“Do we have to...” 在英、美两国皆通用,但句(4)中的“Have we to” 则只用在英国,并说已颇为古旧了。我们认为这样的比较也适用于 haven't to 与 don't have to。
