“have +名(代)词”后接不定式与现在分词的区别

有一读者问: 有这样一道填空题:

(1)We can't have that sort of thing _____.

应填happen还是happening?

既可填以不带to的不定式happen,亦可填以现在分词happening。但二者含义稍有区别:前者具有一次性,即只指这一次;后者则具有多次性或重复性,即指经常情况。再试比较:

(2)The magician had the card disappear without lifting a finger. (disappear具有一次性)

(3)The magician had the card disappearing without lifting a finger. (disappearing具有多次性,指不断地消失)

“have+宾语+现在分词”中的现在分词有时则强调其持续性,试比较:

(4)I'll have the car wait at the gate.(wait强调动作,全句意味着:我将派人开车到大门口等)

(5)I'll have the car waiting at the gate.(waiting强调其持续性,全句意味着:我将派人将车开到大门口等着,你随时可用)