有一读者问:有这样一个选择题:
(1)The doctor suggested that he _____.
A. will not smoke B. not smoke
C. would not smoke D. did not smoke
该题的答案是B。但我认为应该是 should not smoke 或do not smoke。我这样理解对吗?
不完全对。在这道选择题中,只可填B,即not smoke。 should not smoke 也对,但它不在四项选择之内。应当记住,在suggest, demand, ask 等动词之后的宾语从句中,虚拟式应用“should +动词原形”或只用动词原形(即所谓现在虚拟式)。前者的否定形式是“should not +动词原形”;后者的否定形式必须是“not + 动词原形”(但动词原形be的否定形式则可用not be, 亦可用be not)。顺便指出,现在虚拟式否定结构常用于正式文体中。再如:
(2)I would like to suggest that newspaper reporters not write this kind of article.
(3)She insisted that Harry not know .
除上述宾语从句可用现在虚拟式的否定结构外,其它一些从句亦可用此种结构,如:
(4)It is essential that this mission not fail . (用在主语从句中)
(5)He spoke on condition that he not be identified . (用在状语从句中)
最后,应该指出,在当代英语里,尤其在美国,suggest, demand等后的宾语从句中亦可用陈述句does not smoke。
