有一读者问: 有这样两个句子:
(1)The old gives place to the new.
(2)The wounded was sent to hospital without delay.
在这两句中,“the+形容词/分词”结构都后接单数动词,可是我们的老师说其后也可接复数动词,这样说对吗?
你的老师这样说是对的。“the+名词化的形容词或过去分词”既可用单数动词,也可用复数动词。究竟应用哪一种动词,应由名词化形容词或过去分词的数念所决定。概括地说,名词化形容词或过去分词如表的是单数概念,则应用单数动词,上述句(2)即属于这种情况,再如:
(3)The older takes the younger by the hand.
(4)The accused was acquitted.
名词化的形容词或过去分词如表的是复数概念,则应用复数动词,如:
(5)The old are apt to catch cold.
(6)The dispossessed are demanding their rights.
还有一种既非单念又非复念的抽象概念(即零念)。表这种概念的名词化形容词或过去分词亦须用单数动词,上述句(1)即属于这一类,再如:
(7)The true is to be distinguished from the false.
(8)The unforeseen is always exciting.
