有一读者问:《英语语法札记》第二集第209页讲到虚拟语气 sink or swim 时,说其后省去了主语 I,对此我不明白,请加以解释。
sink or swim 是一种古老的现在虚拟式,其义为“不论成败”,其结构本为 sink I or swim I,但现已省去主语I。这种情况多见于固定结构或说法中,再如:
(1)Say what I will to the contrary, he tells the story everywhere.(say 后省去了主语 I )
(2)Detest him as we may, we must acknowledge his greatness.(detest 后省去了主语 we)
(3)I shall go rain or shine .(rain 和 shine 后皆省去了主语 it;它也是一固定说法,其义为“风雨无阻”)
据一位语法大师说,这种省去主语的情况乃是由于受到祈使句的影响所致。顺便提一下,在现代英语中,不省去主语的情况仍不罕见,实例如:
(4)We cannot receive him, be he who he may.
(5)Home is home be it ever so homely.
