polite、civil与courteous这些形容词均含“礼貌的、客气的”之意。
polite : 普通常用词,指言论举止无论何时均严谨有礼,很有教养。
- Please be polite to our guests.
请礼貌待客。 - We were all too polite to object.
我们都太客气了,没有反对。
civil语气弱于polite,着重只达到社交的一般要求,避免粗鲁。
- As visitors, the least we can do is be civil to the people in their own land.
作为来访者,我们最起码能做到的就是对当地人要彬彬有礼。
courteous : 指言谈举止典雅,谦恭有礼,更侧重考虑他人的感情与尊严。
- 谦词
courteous words - 哈里是个谦逊而且彬彬有礼的绅士。
Harry was a humble, courteous and gentle man. - 他们彬彬有礼但又有些冷漠。他们的公司是一个庞大而不讲人情的组织。
They were courteous but faintly aloof. Their company was a vast impersonal organization.
(拓展学习:小词详解 | courteous)