本文经授权转载自微信公众号:田间小站
依托 English Vocabulary Organiser 一书的100个 units ,今天继续为大家推送《精通英语词汇100主题》这个栏目,以下便是第2期关于 Stages of Life 的主题词汇笔记。
【关于“人生阶段”值得积累的表达】
-
呱呱坠地:出生(be born)vs 生娃(give birth to) -
及笄志学:At fifteen, I was fond of learning. -
二十弱冠:Coming of age at 20 → 弱冠之年(男)vs 桃李年华(女) -
三十而立:At thirty, I was established. (许渊冲译) -
四十不惑:At forty, I did not waver. -
五十知天命:At fifty, I knew my sacred mission. -
六十花甲:At sixty, I had a discerning ear. -
七十古稀:At seventy, I could do what I would without going beyond what is right. -
耄耋之年:Live to a ripe old age of (in one's 80s, 90s, or more) -
期颐之年:Centenarian (百岁老人)
拓展:从呱呱坠地到耄耋之年,人在不同年龄段如何用英语地道表达?
【关于“婚姻”值得积累的表达】
【订婚】 未婚妻 vs 未婚夫 Fiancée vs Fiancé
【结婚】 新娘 vs 新郎 Bride vs Groom → 新婚夫妇(newlyweds)
【婚礼】 伴娘 vs 伴郎 Bridesmaid vs Best man
【已婚】 妻子 vs 丈夫 Husband vs Wife
【离婚】 前妻 vs 前夫 Ex-husband vs Ex-wife
【丧偶】 寡妇 vs 鳏夫 Widow vs Widower
-
嫁妆(dowry / marriage portion) vs 彩礼 (betrothal gifts / bride price) -
相亲(go on a blind date) vs 闪婚(flash marriage) -
婚前怀孕(premarital pregnancy)vs 奉子成婚(shotgun marriage) -
婚生子女(legitimate child)vs 非婚生子女(illegitimate child / child out of wedlock) -
恋爱结婚(love marriage)vs 包办婚姻(arranged marriage)vs 买卖婚姻(mercenary marriage) -
权宜婚姻(marriage of convenience)vs事实婚姻(de facto marriage)vs 门第悬殊的婚姻(morganatic marriage)vs 一夫一妻制婚姻 (monogamous marriage)
【关于“出生”值得积累的表达】
-
顺产(natural birth) vs 难产(difficult birth)vs 剖腹产(Caesarean section / C-section)
考考你:古罗马凯撒大帝(Julius Caesar)到底是不是剖腹产出生的? -
扼杀在摇篮里(strangle sth. at birth) vs 扼杀于萌芽时(nip sth. in the bud)
联想:成语“防微杜渐” -
生父母(biological/birth parents)vs 养父母(foster parents/ adoptive parents) -
生死之交(Damon and Pythias) vs 患难之交(all-weather friend) vs 酒肉之交(fair-weather friend)vs 知心密友(bosom friend) vs 点头之交 (acquaintance)
联想:成语“刎颈之交”
【关于“死亡”值得积累的表达】
-
死火山(extinct volcano) vs 死水(stagnant water) vs 死皮赖脸(brazen-faced) -
死于癌症/饥饿(die of cancer/hunger) vs 过劳而死(die from overwork) -
英年早逝(die young) vs 寿终正寝(die in one’s bed at a ripe old age) vs 死于非命(die in one’s boots / die with one’s boots on) -
委婉表达死亡:pass away(逝世)/ kick the bucket(翘辫子)/ be pushing up the daisies (死去而被埋葬)/ end one's day (寿终)/ breathe one's last (断气)/ pay the debt of nature (归天)