(1) ①bend before/to 意为“迎着……而倾斜、弯、俯身”;引申作“向……让步,屈从”。
- Trees that don't bend before the wind will break.
刮风不弯的树易断。 - I'd advise you to bend before/to the little boy's wishes since he is ill.
既然小男孩在生病,我劝你还是顺从他的意愿。
②有时可用bend sb. to表示“强迫某人对……屈从”。
- Grandfather was a very powerful man, and used to bend us to his wishes.
爷爷是个强有力的人物,过去常迫使我们服从他的意愿。
(2) bow before/to可以表示:
①向……弯腰,躬身,鞠躬。
All the men in the court bowed (down) before/to the King as he entered.
朝廷上的所有人在国王进去时都向他鞠躬。
②向……让步,服从,后接事物。
- I bow before your opinion, and will take your advice.
我服从你的意见,接受你的劝告。 - I will bow before your wishes, and will not follow my original plans. (也可用bend to)
我愿意对你做出让步,不再按我原来的计划来办。
(3) bow down 表示:
①压弯。
- The apple tree was bowed down with the weight of its fruit.
苹果树被果实压弯了。
②使受苦。
- Aunt Helen spent years bowed down with grief after the death of her husband.
海伦姨妈在丈夫死后多年还深受悲伤的折磨。
③俯首效忠;向……俯首称臣/屈膝弯腰,常后接to。
- We shall never bow down to our enemies.
我们决不向敌人俯首称臣。