(1) bring up(和名词upbringing)一般用来指孩子在家接受的道德的和社会的训练、教育以及培养，也有“抚养，抚育，使成长”的意思。
- She has brought up five children.
她养育/抚育了五个孩子。 - He was brought up to be honest.
他从小就被教育要诚实。
(2) raise和rear意为“使生长；培植；养育”，均可用于动物或植物。英式英语中一般只把raise用于植物和动物，而将rear用于人，如：raise cattle/pigs/crops；raise用于人被认为是“俗”的用法。而在美式英语中，却通常把raise用于人，而把rear用于动植物。
- We want to raise (美)/rear (英) our children to be decent men and women.
我们想把孩子培养成体面的人。 - The mother is very careful in rearing her children.
这位母亲在培养孩子方面是很用心的。 - He was born and raised (美)/reared (英) in the city.
他是在这座城市出生长大的。 - The baby was raised (美)/reared (英) on cow's milk.
这婴儿是靠牛奶养育的。
(3) ①grow作为及物动词，表示“种植”。
- He is a farmer growing vegetables.
他是一个种植蔬菜的农民。 - Is rice grown in your hometown?
你的家乡种植水稻吗？
②grow作为不及物动词，表示“生长，成长，长大”。
- She has grown to be a beautiful girl of 20.
她已长成一个20岁的美丽姑娘了。
(4) grow up意为“成长，长大”，侧重于达到成熟阶段，可用于引喻场合。
- These young people have grown up to be experienced teachers.
这些年轻人已成长为有经验的教师。 - Our younger generation is growing up healthy and strong.
我们的下一代正健康茁壮地成长。
(5) educate(和名词education)主要用来指人们在学校等受到的培养，特别是智力和文化上所受的教育和培养。
- He is badly brought up .
他很缺乏教养。(指他表现自私或粗鲁等) - He's a well-educated person.
他是个受过良好教育的人。(指他受过良好的学校教育)
(6) ①foster可表示“抚养，培养，收养，照顾”。
- They have fostered seven children of various races.
他们抚养了七个不同种族的孩子。
②foster还可表示“培养、养成(兴趣、感情等)”。
- His mother tried to foster his interest in music by taking him to concerts when he was young.
在他小时候，他的母亲试图通过带他去音乐会来培养他对音乐的兴趣。
(7) breed用作及物动词，意思是“饲养、养殖(牲畜等)；培养，训练，养育，教育(相当于train, educate, bring up)”。如，可以说breed cows, sheep, fish, chickens；也可以说breed improved strains of high-yielding wheat。breed还可表示动物的“繁殖，产仔”，用作及物动词或不及物动词。
- A parent fish can breed up to forty thousand offspring.
一条雌鱼可以产下多达四万个鱼子。 - They breed twice yearly averaging four or five young in each litter.
它们一年繁殖两次，平均每窝产四五只幼仔。 - He is a countryman born and bred , and he doesn't like big cities.
他是个土生土长的乡下人，不喜欢大城市。
(8) nurture意思是“养育，教育，培育”。
- They nurtured her as if she had been their own.
他们就像是对待自己的孩子一样抚养她长大。 - Nurtured by the Party, he has grown up to be an outstanding scientist.
在党的培养下，他已成长为一位杰出的科学家。
(9) drag up可表示“没有教养地养大”，也可用fetch up。
- He seems to have been dragged up anyhow instead of being properly trained and educated.
他好像就是这样被拉扯大的，没有受过正规的训练和教育。
