(1) compel更强调迫使某人屈从、同意或做不愿做的事,意为“迫使,使不得不”。
①可接名词或名词加不定式。
- The failure of the experiment compelled us to adopt a wholly different method.
这项实验的失败迫使我们采取完全不同的方法。 - The rain compelled them to give up their plan to go climbing.
这场雨使他们不得不放弃爬山的计划。
②compel常用于被动结构,表示“被迫,不得不,只好”。
- His wife (being) in poor health, he had been compelled to give up much of his time to housework.
他妻子身体不好,他只好把许多时间用到家务上。
③compel也可接obedience, admiration, respect, compliance一类名词,表示“使不得不……”。
- Her beauty and cleverness compel admiration from her friends.
她的美貌和聪明使她的朋友不得不羡慕她。 - The government may take steps to compel compliance with the law.
政府可能会采取措施强迫人民服从该项法令。
(2) impel表示“迫使”,更接近汉语的“驱使,促使”。
①impel 后接带不定式的复合结构。有时可与compel换用。
- The wave behind impels the wave before in the Yangtze River.
长江后浪推前浪。 - Financial pressures impel/compel the firm to cut back on spending.
财政压力迫使这家公司削减支出。
②impel也常用在被动结构中,后接介词to,表示“迫使(做某事)”。
- He said he had been impelled to crime by poverty.
他说他是被贫穷所迫而犯罪的。