(1) if you/he/it/they... will...可以表示从句中主语的意愿、意志、决心、倾向等。
- If you will be kind enough to wait, I'll have your luggage brought in.
如果你愿意等,我就叫人把你的行李拿进来。 - If you will grant my request, I shall esteem it a great favour.
如果您肯同意我的请求,我将认为那是一份美意。 - If he will have it so, I have to agree with him.
如果他执意如此,我只好同意他。
(2) if he/they will/will not...可以表示单纯将来,这时或者主句中表示现在情况,或者从句表示主句动作的结果。
- If he won't arrive this morning, why should we be waiting here?
如果他今天上午不来,我们为什么要在这里等呢? - If it will make you happier, I'll stop smoking.
如果戒烟能让你(更)高兴,我就戒了它。
(3) if I/he/it/you... should...意思是“万一”,表示事情发生的可能性不大。
- If you should run into Peter, tell him to ring me (up).
万一你碰到彼得,让他给我打电话。 - If we should fail in this plan, what should we do?
万一这项计划失败,我们该怎么办?
(4) if I/you/he/they... would...也表示从句中主语的意愿、意志,相当于汉语的“愿意,肯”,与用will意思差不多,只是比用will或者表示把握性不大,或者与现在情况相反,或者口气更委婉。
- I'd be grateful if you would give me a little help.
如果你肯给我一点帮助,我将非常感激。 - He could do so, if he would .
如果他愿意的话,他可以这么做。 - If you would come to our help, I should appreciate it.
如果你肯来帮忙,我将不胜感激。 - Pass me that box, if you would .
如果你愿意,把那盒子递给我。