(1) ①in the north意思是“在北部”,指在“在……之内的北部”。
- His home used to be in the north of the city, but now he has moved into the city center.
他家原来在该城的北部,但现在已迁入市中心了。
②in the north还可笼统地指“在北方,在北部”。
- Clouds are gathering in the north — it looks like rain/snow soon.
乌云在北面聚积,像是很快要下雨/雪了。
(2) on the north 意为“在北边”,“在北面”,两者不在一个范围,但是紧挨着。
- Mongolia lies on the north of China.
蒙古位于中国之北。
(3) ①to the north是指外部的北部,如果两者紧挨着,可用on the north,也可用to the north。
- Canada lies on/to the north of the United States.
加拿大位于美国的北面。 - Taiwan lies to the north of the Philippines. (不能用on)
台湾岛位于菲律宾群岛的北面。
②to the north也可指“向北方”。
- I hear he is going to the north next week.
听说他下周要去北方。
(4) at the north是美式英语用法,英式英语用in the north。
- Beijing is at/in the north of China.
北京位于中国北部。
(5) 在用作方位,表示某个国家、地区东西南北界线时,“on the”可以省去不用。
- Switzerland is bounded (on the) north by Germany, (on the) west by France, (on the) east by Austria and (on the) south by Italy.
瑞士北邻德国,西接法国,东靠奥地利,南接意大利。
*south, east, west也可分别组成类似短语,用法也与此相同。