(1) ①rob指“非法地(常以暴力方式)抢夺某人、某地之财物”;也可指“剥夺某人应享有的权利、名誉”等。常用的句型是rob sb. (or a place)of sth.; rob sb./sth. (or a place)。
- The looters robbed everything they could lay hands on.
歹徒见什么抢什么。 - Thieves robbed the bank of thousands of dollars.
一些盗贼从银行抢走了上万美元。 - They robbed the Indians of their lands and slaughtered them.
他们抢走了印第安人的土地,并屠杀他们。
②rob引申表示“剥夺,使失去”。
- They robbed Ireland of their liberty.
他们剥夺了爱尔兰人的自由。
*又如:to rob sb. of his suffrage(选举权) /the inheritance/a good night's sleep/his happiness/confidence/victory。
- Bad weather robs a holiday of half its pleasure.
坏天气使整个假日失去了一半的乐趣。
(2) ①steal意思是“偷窃”,是于暗中非法窃取。常用句型是steal sth. from sb. (or a place),不能接人作宾语。要表示被动意味,常用have sth. stolen的形式。
- Someone has stolen my watch.
有人偷走了我的手表。 - I have had my watch stolen .
我的手表被人偷了。 - Officer! My dog's been stolen!
警官!我的狗被人偷了!
②steal可以引申表示“挤出(时间);冷不防(亲吻等)”。
- He managed to steal a few hours' sleep.
他挤出时间睡了几个小时。 - He stole a kiss from Mary.
他冷不防吻了玛丽一下。 - He stole a glance/look at her in the mirror.
他在镜中偷偷看了她一眼。
(3) deprive是“取走,剥夺,使丧失或不能享用”,可用于具体或抽象之物,如职位、名誉、财产、安适等。
- The trees that deprive the house of light must be fallen/cut down.
遮挡房子光线的树必须被砍掉。 - The prisoner was deprived of his rights as a citizen.
这个囚犯被剥夺了公民权。 - Sickness deprived me of the pleasure of meeting you.
疾病使我不能享受与你会面的愉快。
(4) loot意为“抢劫,抢掠”,可以是个人也可以是众多的人分散进行,在践踏文明、法律的野蛮程度上较其他词更甚,可作及物动词,也可作不及物动词。
- Robbers broke into his apartment and looted all of his belongings.
窃贼闯进了他的公寓,抢走了他的全部财产。 - Anyone found looting the bombed houses and shops will be severely punished.
任何人,只要被发现抢掠被炸房屋和商店,都将受严惩。
(5) plunder意为“抢劫,抢掠”,尤指发生在战乱时期士兵、匪徒、海盗等的所为。可以接被抢劫的人、地方或物品,也可用plunder sb. /a place of sth. 的形式。
- The pirates entered the harbor and began to plunder the town.
这些海盗进入海港,开始抢掠这个城市。 - The angry crowds rushed in and plundered the shops of their goods.
愤怒的人们冲进去,抢劫了这些商店的商品。
(6) rifle表示“(为偷窃而仔细)搜寻,偷走”。
- Someone has been rifling my drawers; there's some money missing.
有人翻了我的抽屉,有些钱不见了。 - The thief rifled the drawers of their contents.
那贼搜走了抽屉里的东西。
(7) relieve 可作“偷走,偷掉”解,是诙谐的用法(另见“release...”条目)。
- The thief relieved him of his wallet.
小偷偷走了他的钱夹。
(8) run away with也可作“偷掉;偷了……跑掉”解。
- The servant has run away with all the jewels in the house.
佣人卷走了房内所有的珠宝。
*可用于此义的短语还有:fly off with, get away with, make away with, make off with, walk away with, walk off with等。