(1) ①snatch意为“抢夺,攫取”,指突然伸手抢走,含有非法、无礼等意味。
- Her handbag was snatched by a thief.
她的手提包被小偷抢走了。 - Tom snatched the apple away out of his brother's hands.
汤姆从他哥哥的手里抢走了苹果。 - My cap was snatched off by the strong wind.
我的帽子被大风刮走了。
②snatch还表示“抢救出”。
- He was lucky enough to be snatched out of the river by a passing young man.
他很幸运,被一个过路的年轻人从河里救了出来。
③snatch还表示“匆忙间设法得到、趁机获取”。
- Since we have to wait for the next train, we can snatch half an hour's sleep.
既然不得不等下一班火车,我们可以趁机睡上半个小时。 - He snatched a kiss when Mary was not noticing.
他乘玛丽没注意趁机吻了她一下。
④snatch at表示“试图或设法抢夺、抓住”,但不一定成功。
- He snatched at the letter in her hand but was not quick enough.
他试图把她手里的信抢过来,但是速度不够快,没抢成。 - He snatched at a few minutes to write his wife a few words before boarding the plane.
他趁登机前几分钟给妻子写了几句话。 - A student of English should snatch at every chance to practice speaking.
一个学英语的学生应抓住一切机会练习口语。
⑤snatch up意为“突然拿起,抢走,掏出”。
- The stranger snatched up a knife from his pocket and jumped at him.
那个陌生人突然从口袋内掏出一把刀向他扑去。 - He rushed into the burning house once again, snatched up the frightened child,and carried him out.
他再次冲进烈火熊熊的屋子,抓住那个吓得不知所措的孩子,把他抱了出来。
(2) ①grab可作“夺,抢走,攫取”解,含有突然、非法、无礼、急切或自私等意味,有时可与snatch换用。
- The dog grabbed/snatched the bone and ran off with it.
那条狗突然抢走了骨头并跑得远远的。 - When his uncle died, he grabbed everything he could get/lay his hands on.
当他的舅舅去世的时候,他把他能够得到的东西都抢走了。 - That man grabbed the seat by the window before I could.
在我还没来得及之前,那人抢走了靠窗的座位。 - Don't grab , children! Everyone has his share.
别抢,孩子们!每人都有一份。
②grab也用于抽象事物。
- When she was offered work in the U.S.A., she eagerly grabbed the chance to learn more.
当她得到去美国工作的机会时,她急切地抓住这个机会学习更多的东西。
③grab有时可用作不及物动词。grab at意为“设法抓住”,用于具体或抽象事物,但不一定成功。
- A passer-by grabbed at the falling child, and was just quick enough to draw him out of the path of the lorry.
一位过路人设法抓住那个摔倒的孩子,他动作很快,正好把孩子拽离了卡车将驶过的路面。 - He grabbed at the opportunity of going abroad.
他设法抓住了这次出国的机会。
④grab off是“抢走;抢先得到”之意。
- The students who got to the hall first grabbed off the best seats.
最早赶到会堂的学生抢占了最好的座位。 - The woman hurried to the store and grabbed off the bargains on sale.
那个女人匆忙赶到商店,抢购走了正在大甩卖的商品。
(3) ①grasp意思是“抓住,紧握,抢走”,一般不含突然性。
- She reached out, grasped his hand and shook it, too excited to say a word.
她伸出手,抓住他的手不停地摇着,激动得说不出一句话来。 - Mary grasped his letter and held it to her breast.
玛丽紧握着他的信,把它放在胸前。
②grasp也可用于抽象事物。
- If you don't grasp your chance while you can, it will slip through your fingers.
机不可失,时不再来。
③grasp又作“理解,弄懂,抓住”解。
- You seem not to have grasped what her reply meant/the essential point.
你好像没弄懂她答复的意思/最基本的要点。 - You should read the passage twice and grasp the main points.
这段文章你应读两遍,并抓住要点。
④grasp at是“设法抓住,试图抓住”,也含有不一定成功的意味。
- He fell and grazed his face, but it was not my fault — I grasped at his hand but missed it.
他跌倒了,摔破了脸,但这不是我的过错——我想去抓他的手,但没抓住。 - A person who grasps at too much may lose everything.
贪得无厌的人可能一无所得。
⑤grasping意为“贪婪的,爱财的”。
- He is more than ambitious; he is greedy and grasping .
他不仅野心勃勃,而且贪得无厌。
(4) ①grip意思是“紧握,抓紧”,侧重于抓得紧,抓得牢,在抓紧的程度上较grasp更大。
- He gripped the horizontal bar and pulled himself up twice.
他抓住单杠,做了两个引体向上。 - The little girl gripped her mother's hand in fear.
那个女孩害怕地抓住妈妈的手。
②grip有时用作不及物动词。
- The brakes failed to grip and the car ran into a wall.
刹车失灵了,小汽车一头撞到了墙上。
③grip可用于引申意义,后接抽象事物作宾语,意思是“抓住,理解,强烈吸引”,表示“抓住,理解”时,可与grasp换用。
- His talk gripped the attention of his audience.
他的讲话抓住了听众的注意力。 - I couldn't grip/grasp what the teacher was trying to explain.
我不能理解老师正试图解释的东西。 - The play is a gripping story of love and hate.
这出戏是一个扣人心弦的有关爱与恨的故事。
④grasp和grip也可作名词,组成意思相近的短语。
- Professor Smith had a splendid grip/grasp of the subject and his lectures were both instructive and interesting.
史密斯教授对这一课题有着精辟的理解,他讲课既有教益又生动有趣。 - The speaker has a good grip/grasp on the audience.
演讲人完全抓住了听众的注意力。
(5) ①seize除表示“(依法)占有或取得、没收、查封、扣押(财产等)” 外,还可表示“攫取,强取,抓住”。有时含有突然性或以强暴方式取得等意味。
- Our troops seized the city after two days of fighting.
我军经过两天的战斗夺取了这座城市。 - All the smuggled goods were seized by the customs officers.
这些走私物品被海关官员全部查获。 - All of a sudden, the policeman seized the thief by the collar.
突然,警察抓住了小偷的衣领。
②seize可用于引申意义,表示“抓住(机会等);理解(意思)”。
- I shall seize the first chance of going abroad to further my studies.
我将抓住第一次出国机会来进行深造。 - She seized the occasion to speak her mind to the manager.
她抓住这一机会,向经理坦率地讲了自己的想法。 - Sorry, I can't quite seize what you mean.
对不起,我不能完全理解你的意思。
③seize还表示“突然感到,不由自主地(大笑)”,以感觉、情绪作主语,人作宾语。
- A spell of pain seized him as he climbed up the mountain.
当他向山上爬的时候,突然感到一阵疼痛。 - The desire to go abroad seized him.
他一心想出国。 - Uncontrollable laughter seized me.
我控制不住,大笑起来。
(6) ①catch作“抓住,握住,接住”等意思解时,侧重于把运动中的物体“捉住,抓住,抓获”,有时含有突然性或以强暴方式获得等意味。
- If you run after two hares, you will catch neither.
一人追二兔,一个也抓不住。 - How can you catch tiger cubs without entering the tiger's lair?
不入虎穴,焉得虎子。 - He jumped up and caught the ball gracefully.
他跳起来,优雅地接住了球。 - The police caught the criminal as he was about to go out of his house.
警察抓住了那个正要走出房子的罪犯。
②catch也可表示“听清,听懂,嗅到”等意思。
- She murmured something I didn't quite catch .
她嘟囔着一些我听不太清楚的话。 - Beg pardon, I didn't catch what you said.
请再说一遍,我没懂你说的话。 - Through the window I caught the scent of syringa mixed with the late night smell of grass.
透过窗户,我闻到了深夜里芳草混合着紫丁香的香味。
③catch可以引申表示“撞上、碰上(某人做某事);染上(某种病);突然遇上(风暴、雨雪等)”。
- He was caught cheating in the English examination.
在英语考试中他被发现作弊。 - The farmer caught those boys stealing his apples in his orchard.
那个农夫在他的果园里撞上了正在偷苹果的那些孩子。 - He was said to have caught the disease from his wife.
据说他的病是他妻子传染给他的。 - Excuse me for my being late — I was caught in a traffic jam.
对不起,我来迟了——我遇上了堵车。
④catch at是“设法捉住”,但不一定抓得着。
- A boy fell into the pond, he caught at a rope thrown to him, but missed (it).
小男孩掉进了水池,他设法抓住扔给他的绳子,但是没抓住。 - A businessman will catch/clutch at every chance of making a profit.
生意人会抓住每一个赚钱的机会。
(7) ①clutch意为“紧紧抓住;攫取;试图抓住;捕捉”。该词有“紧急、匆忙、突然”的意味,有时也可用于试图抓住但未成功的场合。
- He clutched my hand excitedly.
他激动地紧抓着我的手。 - The man who slipped into the river clutched the rope we threw to him and was pulled out.
那个掉进河里的人紧抓住我们扔给他的绳子,被拽了上来。 - She clutched her doll to her breast.
她把洋娃娃紧紧地搂在怀里。
②clutch at表示试图抓住,但未必能成功,含有“突然”的意味。
- The climber clutched at the swinging rope, but missed (it).
登山者试图抓住那根晃动的绳子,但是没有抓住。
(8) ①hold除用于其他意思外,还可表示“抓住,握住,抓紧,拿着”,可以用手、胳臂、牙齿、工具等。
- The boy was holding his mother's hand.
那个小男孩紧抓住妈妈的手。 - He held the knife in his teeth as he climbed the tree.
当他爬树的时候,他把刀子衔在嘴里。
②hold on to表示“抓住(不放),抓牢”。
- The child held on to his mother's hand as they crossed the street.
过马路的时候那个孩子紧抓住妈妈的手。 - Don't panic; just hold on to that rock and I'll come fetch you down.
不要惊慌,抓住那块石头,我这就把你接下来。
(9) clench可表示“紧握,抓紧,抓牢,咬紧(牙关)”。
- Her pain was so severe that she clenched her teeth.
她的疼痛如此剧烈以致她紧咬牙关。 - The young man clenched his fists in anger.
那个年轻人愤怒地握紧了拳头。
(10) clasp也可表示“紧握,紧抱,搂住,握住,挽住”。
- The two friends were clasped (=clasped each other) passionately in each other's arms.
那两个朋友张开双臂激动地拥抱在一起。 - He clasped my hand tight in both of his.
他用他的两只手紧紧地握住我的手。