(1) use as意为“用(某人或某物)服务于某种目的”。
- I'm tired of being used as a servant around this place!
在这儿被用作仆人,我厌烦透了。 - You can use this box as a table to rest the papers on.
你可以把这个箱子用作桌子来放文件。
(2) use for意为“把……(通常为某物)用于某种目的或用来做某事”,后接名词或动名词。
- Please don't use my best plates for your party!
在你的宴会上请不要用我的最好的盘子。 - He had been using my good handkerchief for cleaning the table!
他竟然用我的好手帕擦桌子!
(3) utilize for意为“利用(某物)服务于(某目的)”,是正式用语,常用被动式。
- The small room can be utilized for storage/storing things.
这间小屋可被用来做储藏室。
(4) serve as, serve for均可指“做……用;起……作用”,常换用。
- The wooden box may serve as/for a seat.
这个木箱可以用作座位。 - His unpunctuality served as an excuse to get rid of him.
他的不守时成为解雇他的理由。 - This room serves for/as bedroom at night and living room during the day.
这间房在晚上用作卧室,在白天用作起居室。
(5) do as, do for意为“用作……;当……”,用作此义时,两者可换用。
- This box will have to do for/as a table until the furniture arrives.
在家具来之前,得用这个箱子做桌子。
(6) do for可作“用来(做某事)”解,后接动名词,这时不用do as。
- A bicycle will do for getting around until we can afford a car.
在我们能买得起汽车前,可以骑自行车到各处去。