vaccinate against, immunize against 与 inoculate against 这三个短语意思基本相同，有时可以换用。

 (1) vaccinate against意为“打针预防”，常用被动式。

• If you're traveling to a tropical country, you should be vaccinated against yellow fever.
  如果你要到热带国家旅行，你应该打预防针预防黄热病。

 (2) immunize against指“使免除；使对……免疫”。

• Scientists have not yet discovered a trustworthy method of immunizing people against the common cold, although they have been working on it for many years.
  科学家们还没有发现使人们对普通感冒免疫的有效可靠的办法，虽然他们为此一直努力了许多年。
• The thorn bushes immunized the camp against wild animals.
  有刺的灌木丛使营地免遭野兽袭击.

 (3) inoculate against意为“(给……) 打针预防”。

• The doctor inoculated me against influenza.
  医生给我打预防针预防流感。