Romain Rolland
法国批判现实主义代表人物——罗曼·罗兰

Romain Rolland (1866-1944) was a French dramatist, novelist, essayist, art historian and mystic who was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1915 “as a tribute to the lofty idealism of his literary production and to the sympathy and love of truth with which he has described different types of human beings”.
罗曼·罗兰(1866—1944)， 法国戏剧家、小说家、 散文家、艺术历史家和神秘主义者，以其“崇高的理想主义文学作品和其塑造人类形象时展现的怜悯之情和热爱真理之心”荣获1915年诺贝尔文学奖。

Rolland's most significant contribution to the theatre lies in his advocacy for a “popular theatre” in his essay The People's Theatre (Le Théâtre du peuple, 1902). “There is only one necessary condition for the emergence of a new theatre”, he wrote, “that the stage and auditorium 注 should be open to the masses, should be able to contain a people and the actions of a people”. Rolland's most famous novel is the 10-volume roman-fleuve 注 Jean-Christophe (1903-1912), which brings “together his interests and ideals in the story of a German musical genius who makes France his second home and becomes a vehicle for Rolland's views on music, social matters and understanding between nations”.
代表罗兰对戏剧发展卓越贡献的“大众戏剧”理念可在随笔《群众的戏剧》(1902)中看到。文中他写道：“一种新的戏剧诞生只需要一个必要条件，就是舞台和剧场必须对大众开放，必须容得下人和人们的活动。”罗兰最为知名的小说是长达十卷的大河小说《约翰·克利斯朵夫》(1903—1912)，书中展现了“罗兰将自己的兴趣和理想寄托在一位视法国为第二故乡的德国音乐天才身上，通过这位天才，罗兰抒发了自己对音乐、社会和国际间相互理解等问题的见解”。

“There are some dead who are more alive than the living.” “No, no! It would be more true to say that there are some who are more dead than the dead.” “Maybe. In any case there are old things which are still young.” “Then if they are still young we can find them for ourselves.... But I don't believe it. What has been good once never is good again.” Those are famous quotations from Rolland's masterpiece Jean Christophe.
“有些人死了，他还活着。”“不，不！这样说才对，有些人活着，连死人都不如。”“也许，有些东西老旧了，可依然年轻。”“倘若依然年轻，我们便可自己寻找……可我并不信。曾经美好的事物，不会再次美好了。”这些都是《约翰·克利斯朵夫》里面的经典语录。