Stanford University
斯坦福大学
Stanford University is a private research university in Stanford, California, and one of the world's most prestigious institutions, with the highest undergraduate selectivity and fundraising performance in the United States.
斯坦福大学是坐落于美国加利福尼亚州斯坦福市的一所私立研究型大学，是世界最富有知名度的大学之一，本科生选拔的标准很高，同时也是获得最多筹款的美国私立大学之一。
Stanford was founded in 1885 by Leland Stanford, former governor of and U. S. senator from California and leading railroad tycoon, and his wife, in memory of their only child, Leland Stanford, Jr., who died of typhoid fever at age fifteen the previous year. Stanford was opened on 1 October, 1891 as a coeducational and non-denominational institution. Tuition was free until 1920. The university struggled financially after Leland Stanford's 1893 death and after much of the campus was damaged by the 1906 San Francisco earthquake. Following World War II, Provost Frederick Terman supported faculty and graduates' entrepreneurialism to build self-sufficient local industry in what would later be known as Silicon Valley.
大学于1885年由时任加州参议员及州长的铁路大亨利兰·斯坦福和他的妻子创办。这是为了纪念他们因伤寒而于16岁生日前夕去世的儿子(小利兰·斯坦福)。斯坦福大学于1891年10月1日正式成立，是一所男女合校的非宗教教育机构，直至1920年该大学学费全免。在接连遭遇1893年利兰·斯坦福的去世和1906年圣弗朗西斯科地震摧毁大部分校园的双重打击之后，斯坦福大学经历了一段时间的财政危机。第二次世界大战后，时任学校教务长的弗雷德里克·特曼全力支持校友与教职员的企业精神，希望能建立自给自足的本地工业，这也是现今硅谷的原型。
Stanford faculty and alumni have founded many companies including Google, Hewlett-Packard, Nike, Sun Microsystems, and Yahoo!, and companies founded by Stanford alumni generate more than $2.7 trillion in annual revenue, equivalent to the 10th-largest economy in the world. It is the Alma Mater of 59 Nobel laureates and 17 astronauts by 2013. It is also one of the leading producers of members of the United States Congress.
斯坦福校友创办了众多著名的公司，如谷歌、惠普、耐克、升阳电脑、雅虎等，其年收入超过2. 7万亿美元，这些企业的年收入总额相当于全球第10大经济体。至2013年，斯坦福大学培养了59名诺贝尔奖获得者和17名宇航员，它也是美国国会议员的主要培养地之一。
