为何用such而不用so?

有读者问: 有这样一道填空题:

(1)It was_________bad weather that they had to stay at home.

为什么用such而不用so呢?

首先应记住,相当于形容词的such后接名词或“形容词+名词”,如:

(2)We all enjoyed such food (或such stories).

(3)We all enjoyed such good food (或such thrilling stories).

上面两句中的such皆不可代之以副词so。so作为副词,其后不可接名词或“形容词+名词”,但可后接“many, few, much+名词”,如:

(4)There were so many mistakes in that essay.

(5)Don't make so much noise.

另外,such可后接“a+(形容词)+名词”,so则不可,如:

(6)She had such a fright that she fainted.

(7)The camel had such a long neck.

但so可后接“形容词+a+名词”,上述句(7)中的such a long neck即可改作so long a neck。试比较:

(8)He is such a nice man.

(9)He is so nice a man.(比较正式)