怎样用none指人?

有读者问: 请问是否可用none回答who引导的疑问句?

我们不知你指的具体问句是什么。让我们姑且假设有人问道:Who went to the party yesterday? 那么答案应是No one, 而不是None。关于不定代词none指人的用法,应注意下列几点:

1. none用以指人时,一般多用作all的否定词,即相当于no people(后用复形动词),如:

(1)None were permitted to enter by this gate.

(2)None could afford the books or food.

(none在此否定一特定团体的成员)

2. none常后接of或but, 如:

(3)None of us understand the play. (同样回答上述Who went to the party yesterday? 亦可说None of us did.)

(4)None but the nurses deserve a salary increase.

3. 有时none亦可指代“没有一个人”,但常相当于not one(后常接of短语),并不相当于no one,如:

(5)None of us is perfect.

(6)None of the guests wants to stay.

4. none偶尔也有相当于no one的情况,但一般都用在书面语中,其后不接of短语,如:

(7)None is happy at the result.

(8)None should neglect his work.

(9)None is thought to have a distinguished prose style.

在口语中, 一般皆不用none,而应用no one。再如下面一些句子中皆应用no one(或no-one),但一般不可后接of短语:

(10)No one left.

(11)No one can leave the classroom without permission.

(12)They have seen no-one else all afternoon.

其实,在当代英语中,即使书面语亦常用no one, 如:

(13)No one wearing the crown is willing to step down from the throne.

顺便提及,none作为代词还可指物,由于它与本题无关,就恕不举例说明了。