有读者问:高中英语书中有这样一句话:
(1)How silly you all are!
这里的all 为什么放在 are 之前?它是什么词性?
不定代词 all 在此用作 you 的同位语。我们可以说:
(2)You are all silly. (all 在 are之后,这是正常语序)
也可以说:
(3)You all are silly. (all 在 are 之前,是为了强调 are)
但在以 be, have 或助动词 (包括情态动词在内)等结尾的句子结构中,如用 all 作同位语,它则必须置于be, have 或助动词等之前而不可置于其后,如问题中所举的例(1)。同样,如用不定代词 both 作同位语,也必须说:
(4)How silly you both are! (both 须置于 are 之前)
其他如:
(5)— Have you all a bike?
— Yes, we all have. (all 须置于have 之前)
(6)— Can you both swim?
— Yes, we both can. (both 须置于情态动词 can 之前)
一些常置于谓语动词之前的 always, often, never, seldom, already, just, really, still, almost 等副词,在以 be, have 或助动词 (包括情态动词在内)结尾的句子结构中,也必须置于这些动词之前而不可置于其后,现以 always 为例:
(7)— Is he always ready to help others?
— Yes, he always is. (always 须置于 is 之前)
(8)— Have you always a dog?
— Yes, I always have. (always 须置于 have 之前)
(9)— Is the world always turning?
— Yes, it always is. (always 须置于助动词 is 之前)
最后,还应指出,例(1)中的you all 也可能相当于all of you。
