有读者问这样一句话:
(1)Can you explain why you didn't dare touch the pot, Fred?
这句话中的 dare 是实义动词还是情态动词?如果是实义动词, dare 之后为什么不加 to?如果是情态动词,其前为什么用 didn't?
所问句子中的 dare 仍是情态动词,但如将它看作是情态动词和实义动词的一种混合体,也许更易为人所接受。这种混合体可表示现在时间和过去时间。
表现在时间的混合体有 dare, dares, don't dare, doesn't dare, 现举例如下:
(2)Do you dare go?
(3)I don't dare go.
(4)Who dares go?
(5)He dares go.
(6)He doesn't dare go.
(7)Don't you dare go again!
表过去时间的混合体有 dare, dared, dared not, didn't dare,例如:
(8)I dared not go.
(9)Dared he go?
(10)Did you dare go?
(11)I didn't dare go.
所问句子中的 didn't dare touch 即用的是例(11)的 didn't dare go 结构。在当代英语中这种结构在疑问句(如例[10])和否定句中用得比较普遍。顺便提及,dared not 多用在正式文体中。
