有读者问这样一句话:
(1)He took her to the airport when she left.
按照一般语法规则,非持续动词的过去一般时所表的动作皆已完成,但这里的 left 虽是非持续动词,其动作却并未完成,这是怎么回事?
上述语法规则仅指一般而言,是一种比较笼统的说法。用非持续动词,严格说来,也不够恰当,因为它除包括有限动词和瞬间动词外,还包括重复动词,如 struggle, chew, giggle, pooh-pooh 等。例(1)中的left是有限动词 leave 的过去式。
它在此的确表示其动作只是刚刚开始,并未结束。这说明在有限动词中有一些动词如表“始点”动作,其过去一般时的动作就不会已经完成。除例(1)中的 leave 外还有 dress, pass 等,如:
(2)The wounds seemed to be about the neck of the self-made outcast. She dressed them now. She steeped a piece of linen in a basin and laid it with a gentle hand upon the sore.
(3)One day, I passed Strickland ... Nodding, I walked on quickly; but in a minute I felt a hand on my shoulder.
