有一读者问这样一句话:
(1)I'm agreeing because I don't care much for you.
agree显然是瞬间动词,它怎能有进行时态呢?
首先应指出,agree并非瞬间动词(momentary verb)。英语里的瞬间动词仅指jump, hit, knock, kick, nod, tap等,它们也可以用进行时态,但其所表的动作一般皆有重复性,如:
(2)The boy is jumping with joy.
(3)Someone is knocking .
(4)Why are you hitting me?
那么,像agree这样的动词是什么动词呢? 我们认为像这样的动词皆是有限动词,只是其动作比较短暂而已。这种动词亦有进行时态,表示其一定的持续性,这种动词的进行时有时可以译作汉语的“正在……”,如:
(5)He is stepping into the car. (is stepping into可译为“正在步入”)
(6)Look, they are still opening their mouths. (are still opening可译为“还在张着”)
但也有不少不可译作“正在……”的情况,而这正是使中国学生感到困惑的地方。如例(1)中的am agreeing(在此起一种解释前文的作用)即不宜译为“正在同意”,而只能译作“同意”。再如:
(7)We are winning .
(8)We aren't abandoning you.
(9)They are making their first appearance in international competition.
(10)They are only allowing you a single page letter.
(11)It is reported that their team is withdrawing from the competition.
不难看出,上述五句中的现在进行时皆不宜直译作“正在……”。如例(7)中的are winning即不宜直译作“正在赢”,但可将它译作“正在占上风”。例(9)中的are making their first appearance也不可译作“正在第一次出现”,而可译作“初次参加”。其余各例皆应如此处理。
