by himself 在此不是方式状语

有一读者问:在初中英语第四册上有这样一句话:

(1)Aunt Wang couldn't leave her child by himself in the room.

方式状语 by himself 应放在地点状语 in the room 之后,但这里的 by himself 为什么却放在 in the room 之前呢?

首先应指出,介词短语 by himself 在此相当于 alone ,它并非方式状语,而是宾语补足语,即宾语 child 的补足语,它与 child 在逻辑上是主谓(或主表)关系。因此,这里的 by himself 绝不可置于地点状语 in the room 之后。

其次,即使泛泛而谈,也不能说方式状语必须置于地点状语之后。恰恰相反,如果有两个状语都是介词短语的话,方式状语却多置于地点状语之前,如:

(2)He was working with the new shears in the garden. (方式状语 with the new shears 置于地点状语 in the garden 之前)