有一读者问:有这样两句话:
(1)The owner of the shop came up to see what was the matter.
(2)He stood up and looked round to see what the matter was.
以上两句中 to see 的宾语从句的意义是一样的,但为何用不同语序?到底应是 what was the matter 还是 what the matter was?
这个问题料想在我国有一定的普遍性。所幸的是,有一位语法大师曾对这个问题早已发表过很精辟的见解。他说与直接疑问句 what is the matter 相应的间接疑问句在较古旧的英语中确曾用过 what the matter is 这种语序(例略),但在当今英语中,几乎全用 what is the matter 了。这是因为人们已将 what 看作主语而将 the matter 看作表语的缘故。这位语法大师进一步解释道: What is the matter? 实际上就是 What's wrong?或 What's amiss?的意思。所以,即使在较为古旧的英语里,也已开始用 what is the matter 这种间接疑问句的形式了(例略)。最有说服力的是他所举的一些旁证,如:
(3)There's nothing the matter with her.
(4)But is there anything the matter ?
(5)I can't see nothing the matter .
你看,上述三例中 the matter 不正是相当于形容词 wrong 吗? the matter 既然相当于形容词 wrong,那么,将 what is the matter 用作间接疑问句也就理所当然了。
根据上述分析,问中所提出的两句话当中,句(1)显然是当今英语,句(2)显然是古旧英语。
