这是一个省略句吗?

有一读者说他在美国作家史坦倍克(ohn Steinbeck)所著的中篇小说《珍珠》(JThe Pearl )中遇到这样一段话:

(1)Kino looked into his pearl, and Juana cast her eyelashes down and arranged her shawl to cover her face so that her excitement could not be seen. And in the incandescence of the pearl the pictures formed of the things Kino's mind had considered in the past and had given up as impossible.

问后一句是否是省略句?

从上下文看,你所举的例子中的后一句不像是省略句,因为这两句话并不是平行结构, 亦即是说,第一个句子并未用were+过去分词结构,因而说第二个句子是在formed之前省去were的省略句就很难成立。那么它是不是语法书中所谓的独立主格呢? 从整个语气来看似乎也不是。那么它该是一种什么结构呢?我们认为它是一个完整句。对它的结构应作这样的分析:

1. In the incandescence of the pearl是地点状语,修饰formed。

2. the pictures是全句的主语。

3. formed是不及物动词,是句中的谓语动词(或简称谓语)。

4. of the things...是介词短语,作定语,修饰the pictures。

5. Kino's mind had considered in the past and had given up as impossible当然是定语从句,修饰the things。

你可能要说:of短语如是修饰the pictures的定语,则应放在谓语动词formed之前,使之紧跟在the pictures之后,而它在这里却放在谓语动词之后,离开了它所修饰的名词,岂不怪哉?

这可能正是这个句子的困难所在。其实这种定语被谓语动词所隔离的情况并不罕见。有的语法家还专门为它起了一个名称,叫作隔离定语。具体到我们所讨论的这句话,之所以用隔离定语,显然是由于of the things...impossible太长的缘故。如将它置于谓语动词formed之前,全句就会头重脚轻,失去平衡。下面我们再举一些类似的句子结构供你参考:

(2)Here an accident happened of a very extraordinary kind.

(3)After the fire, very little remained of the house.

(4)Rumours spread of more demonstrations the next day.

(5)No instances have been found of an interchanging of these two sentence constructions.

(6)When I awoke on the morning of Sunday, the 22nd, the news was brought to me of Hitler's invasion of Russia.

最后请注意: 这里所谈的情况只是隔离定语中的一种而已。其他情况还有很多,这里就不一一细说了。只望你能举一反三,灵活运用。