(1) 这些短语均可表示“就……打赌,把赌注下在……上”,有时可以换用,但在有些用法上又不完全相同。
①bet 可用作及物动词,也可以用作不及物动词。用作及物动词时,可以接一个宾语,也可以接双宾语。
- Americans are fond of betting; they bet on horses, baseball and football games and even on the election.
美国人喜欢打赌,他们赌马、赌棒球和橄榄球比赛,甚至赌选举结果。 - I bet him five dollars on John's passing his maths exam。(I bet him five dollars that John would pass his maths exam.)
对约翰将通过他的数学考试我跟他赌5美元。
②bet on the wrong horse意思是“对(未来情况)估计错了;判断错误”。
- I expected John to pass the driving test but as it happened I bet on the wrong horse .
我预计约翰会通过这次驾照考试,但实际上我估计错了。
(2) gamble on意思是“就……打赌;把……押在……上”,这时,gamble为及物动词;在表示“在某事上投机;在某事上碰运气/心存侥幸”的意思时,gamble为不及物动词。
- He gambled all his savings on the horse race.
他把全部积蓄都押在这次赛马上。 - I'd gamble my life on his honesty!
我愿拿我的性命对他的诚实做担保! - I wanted to see you and gambled on your coming here.
我想见你,希望你能碰巧来这里。 - We haven't eaten; we were gambling on the fact that they would be having dinner when we arrived, and would invite us.
我们还没有吃饭,原指望我们到达时他们正在吃饭并且邀请我们。
(3) stake on意思是“在……下赌注;以(生命、名誉等)对……担保”或“不怕损害/牺牲……而做某事”。
- It's genuine — on that I'll stake my life.
它是真的——为此我愿以性命打赌。
(4) wager on在表示“在……上面下赌注”的意思时,wager为及物动词;在作“确信……,肯定/担保……”解时,wager为不及物动词。
- He wagered $10 on the black horse.
他在那匹黑马上下了10美元赌注。 - I think he will come, but don't wager on it.
我想他会来,但并不肯定。 - Stop dawdling, don't wager on the possibility of finding empty seats at the cinema.
别磨蹭了,不要那么笃定在电影院可能找到空座位。
(5) 此外,risk on, venture on也可以表示类似的意思。
- Don't you think it foolish to risk money on a throw of the dice?
你不认为把钱花在掷骰子上是愚蠢的吗? - It's unwise to venture all your money on the scheme.
把你所有的钱都押在这项计划上是不明智的。 - I wouldn't dare to venture all my hopes on his success.
我不敢把全部的希望都押在他的成功上。