(1) 当形容事物体积、面积、容量大时,可用big和large,如:a big/large building, a big/large family/house。big是一个较通俗的词,large则更正式些;large通常不指人,big指身体高大,如:a big and strong man(一个高大强壮的人)。
- Sir Henry was feeling decidedly sleepy after a large lunch.
在饱餐一顿午饭之后,亨利爵士感到非常困倦。 - Mummy, can I have a big lunch today?
妈咪,今天午饭,我能饱餐一顿吗?
(2) ①great常用于形容程度、距离、数量、体积。除抽象的程度、距离外,数量、数目、面积、体积也可用big和large,如:great kindness/hurry/distance/height/length/depth。
- She inherited a great fortune.
她继承了一大笔财产。 - He borrowed a great sum of money from his friends.
他从朋友处借了一大笔钱。
②great还表示“伟大,重大”,常带有感情色彩,意为“著名(famous)”,“强有力(powerful)”或“历史上重要”的意思。如说a great city,则表示这城市不光大(large),而且重要或著名;a great leader指一位著名领导人;a great occasion 指重大场合。
- Napoleon was not a big man, but he was a great man.
拿破仑个头不高,但他却是位伟人。 - One of Vermeer's greatest paintings was stolen last year.
弗米尔最伟大的作品之一去年被盗了。
③great在口语中有时用作感叹,表示喜欢或赞同。
- A: How do you like my dress?
我这件衣服怎么样?
B: Great!
太棒了! - School was sometimes boring, but we expected it to be. Nobody told us learning ought to be fun. When it was — well, great!
上学有时是令人厌烦的,不过我们预想的也是如此。谁也没有对我们说过学习应是件愉快的事。但当它是件乐事时——喔,那就太棒了!
(3) huge表示“巨大”(very great),常指体积超出一定标准。
- There are some huge buildings here.
这里有些巨大的建筑物。 - Have you ever seen such a huge elephant?
你见过这样巨大的大象吗?
(4) 美式口语中以big代替important, great,如:a big question, a big man等。
下面是表示程度、数目、数量、金额、收入等“大”的常用说法:
in a high/great degree
in great/huge/large quantities a big/great/large number of to a very great extent a great/large amount/sum of money a big/large/small income a high/low price |
(程度)
(数量) (数目) (范围,程度) (金额) (收入) (价格) |
(5) ①big和great还可表示其他更抽象的意思,用以指重要事件和行动,在此意义上,great较big更正式。
- You're making a big/great mistake.
你在犯一个大错误。 - Man has made a big/great step forward in exploring outer space.
人类在探索外太空方面前进了一大步。
*再如:a big/great change/improvement。
②跟不可数名词,通常只用great,类似于a lot of,如:great care/ignorance/importance/sorrow/charm/concentration/difficulty。
- I had great difficulty in getting through the phone.
我费了很多事才接通电话。
(6) big和great有时仅用来表示强调或强烈的情感,可以跟其他形容词连用,也可说great big,但不用big great。
- Suddenly I saw this great big bull charging towards me.
突然我看见这头大公牛向我猛冲过来。 - You're like a great cuddly bear!
你就像一只令人想拥抱的大玩具熊! - You great stupid idiot! /You big fat cow!
你这个愚蠢的大白痴!/你这个大肥牛!