(1) 在许多情况下,close和shut可以换用,而无意思上的差别,意为“关闭(门、窗、唇、眼等)”。shut常用于口语,语气较close要强。
- Open your mouth and close/shut your eyes.
张开嘴,闭上眼。 - I can't close/shut the window, can you help me?
我关不上窗户,你能帮帮我吗?
(2) close表示“关、闭、合起”,语气较文雅,用于叙述性的文字较多,有时也用于引申意义。
- If you close your eyes, you can't see.
如果你闭上眼睛,就看不见了。 - Be sure to close all the doors and windows before you leave.
离开前,你务必要关上所有门窗。 - She closed her mind to opposing arguments.
她根本不去考虑反对意见。
(3) shut也可用于引申意义。
- We shouldn't shut our ears to one's appeals for help.
我们不应对求助的呼声充耳不闻。 - He shut his eyes to her faults.
他装作没看见她的过错。
(4) shut和close也用作不及物动词。
- The door won't shut/close easily.
这门不好关。 - The lid of this box closed properly.
这箱子的盖子正好关上。
(5) 当说到某个场所(如店铺)关闭或宣布关闭不开放/不营业时,用close,这时可用进行式。
- This road is closed to heavy motor traffic.
这条路对重型机动车辆不开放。 - It's Sunday, so the library is closed .
今天是星期天,所以图书馆不开放。 - They came into Paris at the hour when the shops were closing .
他们在商店打烊时进入巴黎。 - The exhibition is closed to the public on Sundays.
周日展览不向公众开放。 - The factories and shops have closed for the Spring Festival.
工厂和商店都已关门欢度春节。 - The chairman declared to close the conference victoriously on April 4th.
4月4日,主席宣布大会胜利闭幕。
(6) 过去分词closed和shut常可换用,意思不变。
- Most of the shops are closed/shut on Thursday afternoon.
大部分商店周四下午关门。
*然而过去分词shut通常不在名词前作定语,而closed则可以,如:a closed door, with closed eyes等。
(7) 在表示缓慢、渐变的关闭动作时,close较shut更常用。
- Many flowers open in the morning and close at night.
许多花都是早晨开放,夜晚闭合。
(8) 在正式或庄重的场合,close也较shut常用,用shut常显得粗鲁。
- Shut your mouth!
闭上嘴! - Shut the bloody door!
关上那个门!
(9) shut不用来表示封闭交通渠道(铁路、公路等)。
They've closed the road for repairs.
他们封闭这条道路进行修补。
(10) close还有“结束,终结”之意。
- The manager declared the meeting closed .
经理宣布会议结束。 - I want to close my bank account.
我想结清我的银行账户。