英式英语一般用half an hour, half a year, half a dozen表示“半小时/半年/半打”,不定冠词“a”放在half之后。
美式英语则把不定冠词“a”放在half之前,如:a half hour, a half dozen, a half pear等。如“两个半小时”,既可以说“two hours and a half”,也可以说“two and a half hours”;“一个半小时”,可以说“an hour and a half”,也可以说“one and a half hours”或“an hour and a half hour”,三种说法中以前两种较为常见。
(1) half可以用在名词前,of可以用也可以不用。
- More than half (of) my friends are foreigners.
我的朋友多半都是外国人。 - She spends half (of) her time traveling.
她把一半时间都花在旅游上了。
(2) 在人称代词前,总是用half of。
- A: Can I have records back?
我可以把唱片要回来吗?
B: OK, but I've only had time to listen to half of them.
没问题,不过我只来得及听了一半。 - Only half of us could come last Tuesday.
上周二我们只有一半人能来。
(3) ①half (of)后接单数名词或复数名词均可。用作主语时,谓语动词的数与其后的名词一致。在half of短语中,half为名词。
- Half the year is nearly finished.
半年快要结束了。 - Half the peaches are good.
这些桃子中有一半是好的。 - Half the peach is good.
这个桃子有一半是好的。
②当所说的是量度或数量时,就不加“of”。
- Half a dozen eggs and half a pound of butter, please.
请卖给我半打鸡蛋,半磅黄油。 - Jack drank half a bottle of Scotch last night.
昨晚杰克喝了半瓶苏格兰威士忌。
(4) one and a half后接复数名词。
- I've been waiting for one and a half hours.(或:...an hour and a half.)
我等了一个半小时。
(5) half可用作代名词(后不带名词)。定冠词the只是在有形容词或其他词说明是“哪一半”时才用。
- You can give her half , and keep half for yourself. (不说:...keep the half)
你可以给她一半,自己留一半。 - I gave her half , and kept the other half for myself.
我给了她一半,把另一半留了给我自己。