(1) ①hit意为“打，打击，击中”，指瞬间动作，强调结果，有时也作“袭击，使受害”之意。
- The ball hit him in the face/on the head.
球打在了他的脸上/头上。 - He was hard hit by his failure in the experiment.
实验失败使他受到了严重打击。 - I still remember the typhoon that hit us many years ago.
我仍然记得多年前袭击我们的那场台风。
②hit有时也可作不及物动词。
- Unemployment hits especially hard at black people in the States.
在美国，失业对黑人的打击尤其沉重。
③hit也可用于表示“碰，撞”。
- His car hit a big tree when he was making a sharp turn.
他在急转弯时，车子撞上了一棵大树。 - He hit his head on/against the wall when he fell.
他摔倒时，头撞在了墙上。
④hit有时还可表示达到某一水平。
- Unemployment once hit 3 million.
失业人员一度达到了300万。 - That year the auto sales hit a new high/a ten-year low.
那一年汽车销售创了新高/降到了10年中的最低点。
(2) ①beat意为“打，敲打”，尤指用棍棒连续击打。
- She was beating the dust out of the carpet.
她在敲打毯子，掸掉上面的灰尘。 - We heard the drums beating/ being beaten .
我们听到了敲鼓的声音。 - The boy was beaten until he was black and blue.
那个男孩被打得青一块紫一块的。
②beat有时用作不及物动词。
- The rain was beating on the roof.
雨点打在房顶上。
③beat还可表示“打赢，胜过，制服”。
- Their team beat ours in the game by a large score.
这场比赛，他们队以高比分大胜我队。 - In the end his army was beaten .
最后，他的军队被打败了。 - They are going all out to beat the drought.
他们正全力以赴战胜旱灾。
④beat还可表示“心脏、脉搏的跳动”，用作不及物动词。
- My heart was beating violently/quickly before the exam.
考试前，我的心跳得厉害/很快。 - On January 8th, 1976, Premier Zhou's heart ceased to beat .
在1976年1月8日，周总理的心脏停止了跳动。
(3) ①strike意为“打，击，撞，打击”，既可用作及物动词，也可用作不及物动词。
- To insult or strike captives is strictly forbidden.
严禁侮辱打骂俘虏。 - He struck the boy on the chin.
他打在小孩的下巴上。 - He struck the table with a heavy blow.
他重重地敲了一下桌子。 - Who struck the first blow?
谁打的第一下/谁先打的？ - Strike while the iron is hot.
趁热打铁。 - I woke and heard the clock striking twelve.
我醒来时，听到钟敲了12下。 - The ship struck (against) a rock.
船触礁了。
②strike可以表示借助打和摩擦产生火和光亮。
- These matches are damp — they won't strike .
这些火柴潮了——划不着。 - He struck a match and held it to my cigarette.
他划着一根火柴给我点烟。
③strike也用作“(灾害、疾病等)袭击”解。
- An infectious disease fatal to wheat struck the crop last year.
去年，一种致命的传染病侵袭了小麦。 - A terrible hurricane struck just as the rice was ripe for harvesting.
就在稻子成熟收获之时，刮了一场可怕的飓风。
