(1) illuminate和 illumine都有“照亮,照明”的意思,也都可用于引申意义,意为“说明,阐明(make clear, help to explain);启发(enlighten spiritually)”。但现代英语中多用illuminate,认为illumine书卷气太重。
- People usually illuminate/illumine the buildings and streets for the celebration of National Day, an occasion for general rejoicings.
人们往往在建筑物和街道上张灯结彩,来庆祝国庆节这一普天同庆的节日。 - They were greatly illuminated/illumined by the discussion.
这次讨论使他们受到很大启发。 - Prof. Smith illuminated the phenomenon with many examples.
史密斯教授用许多例子说明了这一现象。
(2) bring to light意为“让人知道,公之于众”。
- The crime was brought to light after a year's investigation.
经过一年的调查,这桩罪行才真相大白。 - The archeologist, through his many years of study, brought to light several interesting facts.
这位考古学家通过多年的研究,让人们知道了一些有趣的事实。
(3) cast/shed/throw light on/upon表示“对……提供线索/透露情况;有助于理解(帮助弄清楚)”。
- Government sources were refusing to shed any more light than appeared yesterday on the interview with the premier.
关于与这位总理会见的情况,除昨天公开的以外,政府人士不肯再透露任何信息。 - Can anyone shed/cast some light on the event?
有谁能对这一事件提供些情况吗? - His assistant, Dr. Hill, was in a position to throw light on his character.
他的助手希尔博士有可能提供关于他性格方面的情况。 - His diary has some interesting light to throw on his crime.
他的日记对其罪行提供了一些使人感兴趣的情况。 - The new findings cast much light upon the burial custom of the Indian tribes of that area.
新发现很有助于了解那个地区印第安部落的殡葬习俗。
(4) give light on意为“对……提供线索”。
- He called on him in the hope of getting him to give some valuable lights on the matter.
他去拜访他,希望让他对此事提供些宝贵的线索。
(5) light up 可以表示:
①点(烟),可为及物用法,也可为不及物用法。
- He struck a match and lighted/lit up (his cigarette) before speaking.
他讲话前,划了根火柴,点燃了香烟。
②照亮;(使脸)变得喜悦起来/现出喜悦的光彩,以脸或眼睛为主语或宾语,多作及物用法。
- The headlight of the car lit up the road far ahead.
车灯照亮了前方很远的路。 - Her face (was) lit up with sudden excitement.
她脸上突然露出兴奋的神情。 - Jane was so happy that her face lit up with pleasure.
简非常高兴,脸上露出愉快的神情。
③亮起来,开路灯或车灯。
- It's getting dark — time to light up .
天黑了,该开灯了。 - It's against the traffic rule to drive without the car lighting up.
行车不开车灯是违反交通规则的。